List_of_video_compression_formats
The following is a list of compression formats and related codecs.
Main article: Audio coding format
Non-compression
- Linear pulse-code modulation (LPCM, generally only described as PCM) is the format for uncompressed audio in media files and it is also the standard for CD-DA; note that in computers, LPCM is usually stored in container formats such as WAV, AIFF, or AU, or as raw audio format, although not technically necessary.
- Pulse-density modulation (PDM)
- Direct Stream Digital (DSD) is standard for Super Audio CD
- foobar2000 Super Audio CD Decoder (based on MPEG-4 DST reference decoder)
- FFmpeg (based on dsd2pcm)
- Direct Stream Digital (DSD) is standard for Super Audio CD
- Pulse-amplitude modulation (PAM)
Lossless compression
Main article: Lossless data compression
- Actively used
- Most popular
- Free Lossless Audio Codec (FLAC)[1]
- libFLAC
- FFmpeg
- Apple Lossless Audio Codec (ALAC)
- Apple QuickTime
- libalac
- FFmpeg
- Apple Music[2]
- Monkey's Audio (APE)
- Monkey's Audio SDK
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- OptimFROG (OFR)
- Tom's verlustfreier Audiokompressor (TAK)
- TAK SDK
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- WavPack (WV)
- libwavpack
- FFmpeg
- True Audio (TTA)
- libtta
- FFmpeg
- Windows Media Audio Lossless (WMAL)
- Windows Media Encoder
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- Free Lossless Audio Codec (FLAC)[1]
- Other
- DTS-HD Master Audio, also known as DTS++ and DCA XLL
- libdca (decoder only)
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- Dolby TrueHD – Standard for DVD-Audio in Blu-ray (mathematically based on MLP)
- FFmpeg
- Meridian Lossless Packing (MLP), also known as Packed PCM (PPCM) – Standard for DVD-Audio in DVD
- FFmpeg
- MPEG-4 Audio Lossless Coding (MPEG-4 ALS)
- SSC, DST, ALS and SLS reference software (ISO/IEC 14496-5:2001/Amd.10:2007)
- FFmpeg (decoding only)
- MPEG-4 Scalable Lossless Coding (MPEG-4 SLS) – Parts of it are used in HD-AAC.
- SSC, DST, ALS and SLS reference software (ISO/IEC 14496-5:2001/Amd.10:2007)
- RealAudio Lossless
- RealPlayer
- FFmpeg (decoding only)
- BFDLAC (BFD Lossless Audio Compression).[3] Ongoing development.
- FXpansion's BFD3 drum software. (2013-2017)
- DTS-HD Master Audio, also known as DTS++ and DCA XLL
- Oddball
- ATRAC Advanced Lossless (AAL) – Extremely unpopular
- FFmpeg (lossy decoder only)
- Direct Stream Transfer (DST) - Only used for Direct Stream Digital
- SSC, DST, ALS and SLS reference software (ISO/IEC 14496-5:2001/Amd.10:2007)
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- Original Sound Quality (OSQ) - Only used in WaveLab
- FFmpeg (decoding only)
- ATRAC Advanced Lossless (AAL) – Extremely unpopular
- Most popular
- Discontinued
- Lossless Audio (LA)[4] – No update for 10+ years
- Shorten (SHN)[5] – Officially discontinued.
- libshn
- FFmpeg (decoding only)
- Lossless Predictive Audio Compression (LPAC) – Predecessor of MPEG-4 ALS
- Lossless Transform Audio Compression (LTAC) – Predecessor of LPAC
- MPEG-1 Audio Layer III HD (mp3HD) – Officially discontinued
- RK Audio (RKAU)[6] – Officially discontinued
- FFmpeg (decoding only)
Lossy compression
Main article: Lossy data compression § Audio
- Discrete cosine transform (DCT)
- Modified discrete cosine transform (MDCT, used in most of the audio codecs listed below)
General/Speech hybrid
- Unified Speech and Audio Coding (USAC, MPEG-D Part 3, ISO/IEC 23003-3)
- exhale (encoder only; open source)
- IETF standards:
- IETF Internet Draft
- IPMR Speech Codec[7] - used in Spirit DSP's TeamSpirit Voice&Video Engine[8]
Neural audio codecs
- Lyra (codec) - used in Google Duo
- Lyra V2 - based on SoundStream neural codec
- Satin (used by Microsoft Teams)
- Facebook EnCodec
General
- Adaptive differential pulse-code modulation (ADPCM, also called adaptive delta pulse-code modulation)
- Adaptive Transform Acoustic Coding (ATRAC, used in MiniDisc devices)
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- ATSC/ETSI standards:
- Dolby Digital (AC3, ATSC A/52, ETSI TS 102 366)
- FFmpeg
- liba52 (decoder only)
- Dolby Digital Plus (E-AC-3, ATSC A/52:2012 Annex E, ETSI TS 102 366 Annex E)
- FFmpeg
- DTS Coherent Acoustics (DTS, Digital Theatre System Coherent Acoustics, ETSI TS 102 114)
- FFmpeg
- libdca (decoder only)
- Dolby AC-4 (ETSI TS 103 190)
- Dolby Digital (AC3, ATSC A/52, ETSI TS 102 366)
- Impala Blackbird audio codec
- ITU standards:
- G.719
- G.722
- FFmpeg
- G.722.1 (subset of Siren7) and G.722.1 Annex C (subset of Siren14)
- libg722_1
- libsiren (part of libmsn and msn-pecan)
- G.722.2
- 3GPP TS 26.173 – AMR-WB speech Codec (C-source code) – reference implementation[9]
- opencore-amr (decoder)
- VisualOn AMR-WB encoder
- FFmpeg (decoding only)
- EVS
- MPEG-1 Audio and MPEG-2 Audio
- layer I (MP1) (MPEG-1, MPEG-2 and non-ISO MPEG-2.5)
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- layer II (MP2) (MPEG-1, MPEG-2 and non-ISO MPEG-2.5)
- FFmpeg
- tooLame (encoding only)
- twoLame (encoding only)
- layer III (MP3) (MPEG-1, MPEG-2 and non-ISO MPEG-2.5)
- FFmpeg (decoding only)
- LAME (encoding only)
- Advanced Audio Coding (AAC) (MPEG-2 Part 7)
- FAAC (encoder) and FAAD (decoder)
- FFmpeg
- iTunes
- Nero AAC Codec
- VisualOn AAC Encoder (a.k.a. libvo_aacenc)
- Fraunhofer FDK AAC
- libaacplus
- layer I (MP1) (MPEG-1, MPEG-2 and non-ISO MPEG-2.5)
- MPEG-4 Audio
- Advanced Audio Coding (AAC, MPEG-4 Part 3 subpart 4), HE-AAC and AAC-LD
- FAAC, FAAD2
- FFmpeg
- iTunes
- Nero AAC Codec
- MPEG-4 AAC reference software (ISO/IEC 14496-5:2001)
- Harmonic and Individual Lines and Noise (HILN, MPEG-4 Parametric Audio Coding)
- MPEG-4 reference software (ISO/IEC 14496-5:2001)
- TwinVQ
- MPEG-4 reference software (ISO/IEC 14496-5:2001)
- FFmpeg (decoding only)
- BSAC (Bit-Sliced Arithmetic Coding)
- MPEG-4 reference software (ISO/IEC 14496-5:2001)
- Advanced Audio Coding (AAC, MPEG-4 Part 3 subpart 4), HE-AAC and AAC-LD
- MPEG-H
- Musepack (a.k.a. MPEGplus)
- Musepack SV8 Tools
- FFmpeg (decoding only)
- NICAM
- AT&T Perceptual Audio Coder
- Precision Adaptive Subband Coding (PASC; a variant of MP1; used in Digital Compact Cassette)
- QDesign (purchased by DTS)
- QDesign Music Codec – used in Apple QuickTime
- FFmpeg (decoding only)
- QDesign Music Codec – used in Apple QuickTime
- PictureTel (purchased by Polycom)
- Siren 7
- libg722_1
- libsiren (part of libmsn and msn-pecan)
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- Siren 14
- libg722_1
- vgmstream (decoder only)
- Siren 22
- Siren 7
- NTT TwinVQ
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- NTT TwinVQ Encoder, NTT TwinVQ Player
- Voxware MetaSound (a variant of NTT TwinVQ)
- Windows Media Player (voxmsdec.ax)
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- Vorbis
- Windows Media Audio (WMA)
- Windows Media Encoder
- FFmpeg
AES3
- SMPTE 302M
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- Dolby E
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
Bluetooth
- Bluetooth Special Interest Group
- Low Complexity Subband Coding (SBC)
- CVSD 8 kHz - used in Hands-Free Profile (HFP)
- modified SBC (mSBC) - used in Hands-Free Profile (HFP)
- BlueZ's SBC library (libsbc)[10]
- Fluoride Bluetooth stack
- FFmpeg
- SBC XQ
- PulseAudio's bluetooth stack[11] (encoder only)
- PipeWire's bluetooth stack[12] (encoder only)
- LC3 (Low Complexity Communication Codec)
- Google's liblc3 (open source) - used in Android 13 and later
- ETSI
- LC3plus (ETSI TS 103 634)
- Google's liblc3 (open source)
- LC3plus (ETSI TS 103 634)
- Qualcomm Technologies International (formerly CSR)
- aptX (a.k.a. apt-X)
- Qualcomm libaptX[13]
- FFmpeg
- aptX HD
- Qualcomm libaptXHD[13]
- FFmpeg
- aptX Low Latency
- aptX Adaptive
- FastStream - a variant of SBC codec for bi-directional audio transmission
- aptX (a.k.a. apt-X)
- Sony
- LDAC
- libldac (encoder only)[14] - used in Android Oreo
- libldacdec (decoder only)
- LDAC
- HWA Alliance/Savitech
- HiBy
- Ultra Audio Transmission (UAT)
- Samsung
- Samsung HD/UHQ-BT codec
- Samsung Scalable codec
- Samsung Seamless codec
- MQA
- MQair
Digital radio
- Hybrid Digital Coding - used in HD Radio (a.k.a. NRSC-5)
- NRSC-5 receiver for rtl-sdr (decoder only)
Voice
Main article: Speech coding
(low bit rate, optimized for speech)
- Linear predictive coding (LPC, used in most of the speech codecs listed below)
- Xiph.Org Foundation
- Dialogic ADPCM (VOX)
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- ITU standards:
- G.711 (a-law and μ-law companding; 64 kbit/s), also known as PCM of voice frequencies
- Sun Microsystems's public domain implementation[18]
- FFmpeg (libavcodec)
- G.711.0 (G.711 LLC)
- G.711.1 (Wideband extension for G.711; 64/80/96 kbit/s)
- G.711.1D (Super-wideband extension for G.711.1; 96/112/128 kbit/s)
- G.718 (8/12/16/24/32 kbit/s)
- G.718B (Super-wideband extension for G.718; 28–48 kbit/s)
- G.719
- G.721 (superseded by G.726; 32 kbit/s)
- Sun Microsystems's public domain implementation[18]
- G.722 (SB-ADPCM; 48/56/64 kbit/s)
- FFmpeg
- G.722B (Super-wideband extension for G.722; 64/80/96 kbit/s)
- G.722.2 (AMR-WB)
- 3GPP TS 26.173 – AMR-WB speech Codec (C-source code) – reference implementation[9]
- opencore-amr (decoder)
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- G.723 (24 and 40 kbit/s DPCM, extension to G.721, superseded by G.726)
- Sun Microsystems's public domain implementation[18]
- G.723.1 (MPC-MLQ or ACELP; 5.3/6.3 kbit/s)
- FFmpeg
- G.726 (ADPCM; 16/24/32/40 kbit/s)
- Sun Microsystems's public domain implementation[18]
- FFmpeg (libavcodec)
- G.727
- Sun Microsystems's public domain implementation[18]
- G.728 (LD-CELP; 16 kbit/s)
- G.729 (CS-ACELP; 8 kbit/s)
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- G.729a
- G.729b
- G.729ab
- G.729d (6.4 kbit/s)
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- G.729e (11.8 kbit/s)
- G.729.1 (G.729 Annex J; Wideband extension for G.711; 8–32 kbit/s)
- G.729.1E (Super-wideband extension for G.729.1)
- G.711 (a-law and μ-law companding; 64 kbit/s), also known as PCM of voice frequencies
- Google
- internet Speech Audio Codec (iSAC)
- WebRTC
- internet Speech Audio Codec (iSAC)
- Nellymoser Asao Codec
- FFmpeg (libavcodec)
- PictureTel PT716, PT716plus
- PictureTel PT724
- RTAudio – used by Microsoft Live Communication Server
- SVOPC – used by Skype
- OpenLPC – created by Future Dynamics[18]
- HawkVoice (libHVDI)
- ANSI/SCTE
- ANSI/SCTE 24-21 2006 (BroadVoice16)
- BroadVoice Speech Codec Open Source C Code
- ANSI/SCTE 24-22 2013 (iLBCv2.0)
- ANSI/SCTE 24-23 2007 (BroadVoice32)
- BroadVoice Speech Codec Open Source C Code
- ANSI/SCTE 24-21 2006 (BroadVoice16)
- IETF RFCs:
- Internet Low Bit Rate Codec (iLBC, RFC 3951) – developed by Global IP Solutions/Google
- WebRTC
- Internet Low Bit Rate Codec (iLBC, RFC 3951) – developed by Global IP Solutions/Google
- IETF Internet Draft
- MPEG-4 Audio
- MPEG-4 CELP
- MPEG-4 HVXC
- Skyphone MPLP
- Inmarsat
- INMARSAT-M IMBE
- Inmarsat Mini-M AMBE
Microsoft DirectPlay
Those codecs are used by many PC games which use voice chats via Microsoft DirectPlay API.
- Voxware MetaVoice
- Windows Media Player (voxmvdec.ax)
- Truespeech
- Windows Media Player (tssoft32.acm)
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- MS GSM
- Windows Media Player (msgsm32.acm)
- libgsm
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- MS-ADPCM
- Windows Media Player (msadp32.acm)
- FFmpeg
Digital Voice Recorder
- International Voice Association (IVA) standards:
- Digital Speech Standard / Standard Play (DSS-SP)
- FFmpeg (decoding only)
- Digital Speech Standard / Quality Play (DSS-QP)
- Digital Speech Standard / Standard Play (DSS-SP)
- Sony LPEC
- Truespeech Triple Rate CODER (TRC)[21] – used in some pocket recorders
- Micronas [de] Intermetall MI-SC4 - used by voice recorders such as RadioShack Digital Recorder[22] and I-O DATA [ja] HyperHyde[23]
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
Mobile phone
Generation 2
- European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) GSM
- Full Rate (GSM 06.10, RPE-LTP)
- libgsm
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- Half Rate (GSM 06.20, VSELP 5.6 kbit/s)
- Enhanced Full Rate (GSM 06.60, ACELP 12.20 kbit/s, compatible with AMR mode AMR_12.20)
- Full Rate (GSM 06.10, RPE-LTP)
- Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA) IS-95 (a.k.a. cdmaOne)
- IS-96A (QCELP 8 kbit/s)
- IS-127 (EVRC 8 kbit/s)
- IS-733 (QCELP 13 kbit/s)
- Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA) IS-54/IS-136 (a.k.a. Digital AMPS)
- IS-85 (VSELP 8kbit/s)
- ITU-T G.191's IS-54 implementation
- IS-641 (ACELP 7.4 kbit/s, compatible with AMR mode AMR_7.40)
- IS-85 (VSELP 8kbit/s)
- Association of Radio Industries and Businesses (ARIB) RCR STD-27 (PDC)
Generation 3/4
- 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP)
- Adaptive Multi-Rate (AMR)
- AMR-NB
- 3GPP TS 26.073 – AMR speech Codec (C-source code) – reference implementation[24]
- opencore-amr (one may compile ffmpeg with—enable-libopencore-amrnb to incorporate the OpenCORE lib)
- FFmpeg (by default decoder only, but see above the compiling options to incorporate the OpenCORE lib)
- AMR-WB
- 3GPP TS 26.173 – AMR-WB speech Codec (C-source code) – reference implementation[9]
- opencore-amr (decoder), from OpenCORE (one may compile ffmpeg with—enable-libopencore-amrwb to incorporate the OpenCORE lib)
- vo-amrwbenc (encoder), from VisualOn, included in Android (one may compile ffmpeg with—enable-libvo-amrwbenc to incorporate the VisualOn lib)
- FFmpeg (by default decoder only, but see above the compiling options).
- AMR-WB+
- 3GPP TS 26.273 – AMR-WB+ speech Codec (C-source code) – reference implementation[25]
- Enhanced Voice Services (EVS)
- 3GPP TS.26.443 – Codec for Enhanced Voice Services (EVS) – ANSI C code (floating-point)[26]
- AMR-NB
- Adaptive Multi-Rate (AMR)
- 3rd Generation Partnership Project 2 (3GPP2)
- Enhanced Variable Rate Codec (EVRC, a.k.a. IS-127) – based on RCELP
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- Enhanced Variable Rate Codec B (EVRC-B)
- QCELP (Qualcomm Code Excited Linear Prediction)
- QCELP-8 (a.k.a. SmartRate or IS-96C)
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- QCELP-13 (a.k.a. PureVoice or IS-733)
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- QCELP-8 (a.k.a. SmartRate or IS-96C)
- Selectable Mode Vocoder (SMV)
- Variable Multi Rate – WideBand (VMR-WB)
- Enhanced Variable Rate Codec (EVRC, a.k.a. IS-127) – based on RCELP
Professional mobile radio
- APCO
- Project 25 Phase 2 Enhanced Full-Rate (AMBE+2 4400bit/s with 2800bit/s FEC)
- Project 25 Phase 2 Half-Rate (AMBE+2 2450bit/s with 1150bit/s FEC) – also used in NXDN and DMR
- mbelib (decoder only)
- Project 25 Phase 1 Full Rate (IMBE 7200bit/s)
- mbelib (decoder only)
- European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI)
- ETS 300 395-2 (TETRA ACELP 4.6kbit/s)
- TETRAPOL
- RPCELP 6 kbit/s
- D-STAR Digital Voice (AMBE 2400bit/s with 1200bit/s FEC)
- mbelib (decoder only)
- Professional Digital Trunking System Industry Association (PDT Alliance) standards:
- NVOC – used in China
- Spirit DSP RALCWI
- DSPINI
- SPR Robust
- TWELP Robust
- Codec2
- libcodec2
- RL-CELP (used in Japanese railways[27][28])
Military
- U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) Federal Standard:
- United States Military Standard (MIL-STD)
- MIL-STD-188 113 (CVSD 16 kbit/s and 32 kbit/s)
- SoX (libsox)
- MIL-STD-3005 (a.k.a. MELP)
- Texas Instruments' 2.4 kbit/s MELP Proposed Federal Standard speech coder
- MIL-STD-188 113 (CVSD 16 kbit/s and 32 kbit/s)
- NATO
- STANAG 4198 (a.k.a. LPC-10e)
- SpanDSP (open source)
- STANAG-4591 (a.k.a. MELPe)
- Microsoft Speech coder
- STANAG 4198 (a.k.a. LPC-10e)
- BBN NRV – developed in DARPA program[29]
Video games
- Bink Audio, Smacker Audio
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- Actimagine (Nintendo European Research & Development) FastAudio[30]
- MobiclipDecoder (decoder only)
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- Nintendo GCADPCM[31] (a.k.a. DSP ADPCM or THP ADPCM) - used in GameCube, Wii and Nintendo 3DS.
- vgmstream (decoder only)
- VGAudio
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- Sony VAG[31] (a.k.a. Sony PSX ADPCM)
- vgmstream (decoder only)
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- Sony HEVAG[31] - used in PS Vita.[32]
- vgmstream (decoder only)
- Sony ATRAC9[31] - used in PS4 and PS Vita.
- VGAudio (decoder only)
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- Microsoft XMA[31] - WMA variants for Xbox 360 hardware decoding.[33]
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- Xbox ADPCM
- vgmstream (decoder only)
- CRI ADX ADPCM
- vgmstream (decoder only)
- VGAudio
- FFmpeg
- CRI HCA/HCA-MX - used in CRI ADX2 middleware.[34]
- vgmstream (decoder only)
- VGAudio
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- libcgss
- HCADecoder (decoder only)
- FMOD FADPCM[35]
- vgmstream (decoder only)
- BiM
- Continuous Media Markup Language (CMML)
- MPEG-4 Part 17 (e.g. 3GPP Timed Text)
- ttyrec
Main article: Video coding format
Further information: Video codec and Comparison of video codecs
Non-compression
- RGB 4:4:4 (only linear, transfer-converted and bit-reduced also sort of compression up to about 3:1 for HDR)
- YUV 4:4:4/4:2:2/4:1:1/4:2:0 (all lower 4:4:4 is spatially compressed up to 2:1 for 4:2:0 with specific colour distortions).
- Intel IYUV
- 10-bit uncompressed video
- Composite digital signal - used by SMPTE D-2 and D-3 broadcast digital videocassettes
- Avid DNxUncompressed
- V210
Analog signals
Lossless video compression
- ITU-T/ISO/IEC standards:
- IETF standards:
- SMPTE standards:
- Alparysoft Lossless Video Codec (Alpary)
- Apple Animation (QuickTime RLE)
- QuickTime
- FFmpeg
- ArithYuv
- AV1
- AVIzlib
- LCL (VfW codec) MSZH and ZLIB[41]
- FFmpeg
- Autodesk Animator Codec (AASC)
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- CAI Format
- CamStudio GZIP/LZO
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- Chennai Codec (EVX-1)
- Cairo Experimental Video Codec (open source)
- Dxtory
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- FastCodec
- Flash Screen Video v1/v2[42]
- FFmpeg
- FM Screen Capture Codec
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- Fraps codec (FPS1)[43]
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- Grass Valley Lossless
- Grass Valley Codec Option
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- Huffyuv Huffyuv (or HuffYUV) was written by Ben Rudiak-Gould and published under the terms of the GNU GPL as free software, meant to replace uncompressed YCbCr as a video capture format. It uses very little CPU but takes a lot of disk space. See also ffvhuff which is an "FFmpeg only" version of it.
- FFmpeg
- IgCodec
- Intel RLE
- innoHeim/Rsupport Screen Capture Codec
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- Lagarith A more up-to-date fork of Huffyuv is available as Lagarith[44]
- Lagarith Codec (VfW codec)
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- LOCO[45] - based on JPEG-LS
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- MagicYUV[46]
- MagicYUV SDK
- FFmpeg
- Microsoft RLE (MSRLE)
- FFmpeg
- MSU Lossless Video Codec
- MSU Screen Capture Lossless
- CorePNG [de] - based on PNG
- FFmpeg
- ScreenPresso (SPV1)
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- ScreenPressor[47] - a successor of MSU Screen Capture Lossless
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- SheerVideo
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- Snow lossless
- FFmpeg
- TechSmith Screen Capture Codec (TSCC)[48]
- EnSharpen Video Codec for QuickTime
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- Toponoky
- Ut Video Codec Suite[49][50]
- libutvideo
- FFmpeg
- VBLE[51]
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- VMnc VMware screen codec[52] - used by VMware Workstation
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- VP9 by Google[53]
- libvpx
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- YULS
- ZeroCodec
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- ZMBV (Zip Motion Block Video) Codec - used by DOSBox
- FFmpeg
Lossless game codecs
- DXA
- ScummVM Tools (encoder only)
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
Lossy compression
- Discrete cosine transform (DCT, used in Digital Betacam[54] and most of the video codecs listed below)
General
- ITU-T/ISO/IEC standards:
- H.120
- H.261 (a.k.a. Px64)
- FFmpeg H.261 (libavcodec)
- Microsoft H.263
- MPEG-1 Part 2 (MPEG-1 Video)
- FFmpeg
- MainConcept MPEG-1
- TMPGEnc
- H.262/MPEG-2 Part 2 (MPEG-2 Video)
- Canopus ProCoder
- Cinema Craft Encoder
- FFmpeg
- InterVideo Video Decoder
- MainConcept MPEG-2
- Microsoft H.263
- TMPGEnc
- H.263
- FFmpeg H.263 (libavcodec)
- MPEG-4 Part 2 (MPEG-4 Advanced Simple Profile)
- H.264/MPEG-4 AVC or MPEG-4 Part 10 (MPEG-4 Advanced Video Coding), approved for Blu-ray
- CoreAVC (decoder only; limited to below Hi10P profile)
- MainConcept
- Nero Digital
- QuickTime H.264
- Sorenson AVC Pro codec, Sorenson's new implementation
- OpenH264 (baseline profile only)
- x264 (encoder only; supports some of Hi422P and Hi444PP features)
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- MPEG-4 AVC variants:
- MPEG-4 Web Video Coding or MPEG-4 Part 29 – a subset of MPEG-4 AVC baseline profile
- XAVC
- HEVC (High Efficiency Video Coding, H.265, MPEG-H part 2)
- x265 (encoder only)
- Versatile Video Coding (H.266, VVC)
- VVC Test Model (VTM reference software for VVC; open source)
- Fraunhofer Versatile Video Decoder (open source; decoder only)
- Fraunhofer Versatile Video Encoder (open source; encoder only)
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- Video Coding for Browsers (VCB)/VP8 (MPEG-4 Part 31, ISO/IEC 14496-31, RFC 6386)
- libvpx
- FFmpeg
- Internet Video Coding (ISO/IEC 14496-33, MPEG-4 IVC)
- Essential Video Coding (EVC; MPEG-5 Part 1; under-development)
- eXtra-fast Essential Video Encoder (open source; encoder only)
- eXtra-fast Essential Video Decoder (open source; decoder only)
- LCEVC, MPEG-5 Part 2 (Low Complexity Enhancement Video Coding)
- IETF Internet Draft (NETVC)
- SMPTE standards:
- VC-1 (SMPTE 421M, subset of Windows Media Video)
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- Dirac (SMPTE 2042-1)
- Schrödinger
- dirac-research
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- VC-1 (SMPTE 421M, subset of Windows Media Video)
- Alliance for Open Media
- Xiph.Org Foundation
- Apple Video (Apple RPZA)
- Blackbird FORscene video codec
- Firebird[57] Original FORscene video codec
- Digital Video Interactive standards:
- RTV 2.1 (a.k.a. Indeo 2)
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- PLV (Production Level Video)
- ActionMedia II driver (decoder only)
- RTV 2.1 (a.k.a. Indeo 2)
- Indeo 3[58]/4/5[59]
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- Microsoft Video 1 (MSV1, MS-CRAM, based on MotiVE)
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- Open Media Commons standards:
- On2 Technologies TrueMotion VP3/VP4, VP5, VP6, VP7; under the name The Duck Corporation: TrueMotion S, TrueMotion 2, TrueMotion RT 2.0
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- RealVideo 1, G2, 8, 9 and 10
- FFmpeg
- RealMedia HD SDK
- RealVideo Fractal Codec (a.k.a. Iterated Systems ClearVideo)
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- RealMedia HD (a.k.a. RealVideo 11)
- RealMedia HD SDK
- Snow Wavelet Codec
- Sorenson Video,[60] Sorenson Spark
- FFmpeg
- VP9 by Google; VP10 was not released and instead was integrated into AV1
- libvpx
- FFmpeg
- Windows Media Video (WMV)
- WAX (Part of the Windows Media Series)
- FFmpeg
- Guobiao standards (GB/T)
- Audio Video Standard (AVS)
- AVS1-P2 (GB/T 20090.2-2006) - used in China Blue High-definition Disc.
- FFmpeg (decoding only)
- AVS1-P7 (AVS-M; under-development)
- AVS2-P2 (GB/T 33475.2-2016, IEEE 1857.4 (draft))
- uAVS2 Encoder
- xavs2 (encoder only)
- davs2 (libdavs2; decoder only)
- AVS3-P2 (draft, IEEE1857.10)
- uavs3e (encoder only)
- uavs3d (decoder only)
- AVS1-P2 (GB/T 20090.2-2006) - used in China Blue High-definition Disc.
- Audio Video Standard (AVS)
Scalable
VP8,[61] VP9,[61] AV1,[61] and H.266/VVC support scalable modes by default.
- Scalable Video Coding (H.264/SVC; an extension of H.264/MPEG-4 AVC)
- Scalable High Efficiency Video Coding (SHVC; an extension of H.265/HEVC)
Intra-frame-only
- Motion JPEG
- ISO/IEC standard
- Motion JPEG 2000 (ISO/IEC 15444-3, ITU-T T.802)
- JPEG XS (ISO/IEC 21122) Lightweight Low latency video codec
- intoPIX fastTICO-XS[65]
- DV (IEC 61834)
- FFmpeg
- MPEG-4 SStP (ISO/IEC 14496-2)
- FFmpeg[66]
- Motion JPEG XR (ISO/IEC 29199-3, ITU-T T.833)
- Animated JPEG XL (ISO/IEC 18181)
- libjxl[67]
- Apple ProRes 422/4444
- FFmpeg
- Apple Intermediate Codec
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- Apple Pixlet
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- AVC-Intra
- x264 (encoder only)
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- AVC-Ultra – a subset of MPEG-4 AVC Hi444PP profile
- XAVC-I
- CineForm HD
- CineForm-SDK – developed by GoPro (open source)
- FFmpeg
- SMPTE standard
- Grass Valley HQ/HQA/HQX
- Grass Valley Codec Option
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- NewTek NT25
- NewTek SpeedHQ - used in Network Device Interface (NDI) protocol
- NewTek Codec[68]
- FFmpeg
Stereoscopic 3D
Security and surveillance cameras
- Guobiao standards (GB/T)
- AVS-S-P2 (suspended[69])
- SVAC (GB/T 25724-2010)
- Infinity CCTV Codec (IMM4/IMM5/IMM6)
CD-ROM or CD-related video codecs
Network video codecs
- SMPTE RDD
- LLVC (Low Latency Video Codec; SMPTE RDD 34) - used in Networked Media Interface (NMI; SMPTE RDD 40)
- HEVC-SCC (Screen Content Coding Extensions)
- ZRLE (RFC 6143 7.7.6) - used by VNC
- Sun Microsystems's CellB video (RTP playload type 25) - used in Solaris's SunVideo Plus[73] and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory's vic (Video Conferencing Tool)[74]
- Xerox PARC's Network Video (nv; RTP playload type 28) - used in Xerox's nv and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory's vic (Video Conferencing Tool)
- CU-SeeMe video codec
- GoToMeeting codec
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
Bayer video codecs
- CinemaDNG (created by Adobe; used in Blackmagic cameras)
- Redcode RAW (used in RED cameras) – a modified version of JPEG 2000[75]
- libredcode
- ArriRaw (used in Arri cameras)
- Cineform RAW (used in Silicon Imaging cameras)
- CineForm-SDK
- Blackmagic RAW (used in Blackmagic cameras)
- Blackmagic RAW SDK
- Cintel RAW (used in Cintel Scanner[76])
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- Apple ProRes RAW
- intoPIX TICO RAW[77]
- intoPIX fastTICO-RAW SDK & TICO-RAW FPGA/ASIC libraries[78]
- Canon CRX - used in Canon Cinema Raw Light movie
- Canon RAW Plugin for Avid Media Access
- LibRaw (decoder only; open source)
Video games
- Bink Video, Smacker video
- FFmpeg
- libavcodec
- Nintendo Mobiclip video codec
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- CRI Sofdec codec - a MPEG variant with 11-bit DC and color space correction;[79] used in Sofdec middleware
- CRI P256 - used in Sofdec middleware for Nintendo DS[80]
- Indeo Video Interactive (aka Indeo 4/5) - used in PC games for Microsoft Windows
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- Intel Indeo Video
Real-time
- RivaTuner video codec (RTV1/RTV2)
- FFmpeg (RTV1 decoder only)
- Hap/Hap Alpha/Hap Q
- VIDVOX hap codec
- FFmpeg
- DXV Codec
- Resolume DXV Codec
- FFmpeg
- NotchLC
- FFmpeg (decoder only)
- VESA Display Stream Compression (DSC)
- VESA Display Compression-M (VDC-M)
- "About lossless audio in Apple Music". 25 October 2021.
- "Lossless Audio Homepage". www.lossless-audio.com.
- "RK Audio - Hydrogenaudio Knowledgebase". wiki.hydrogenaud.io.
- TeamSpirit Voice&Video Engine PC. Spirit DSP
- 3GPP (2008-12-11) 3GPP TS 26.173 - AMR-WB speech Codec; version 8.0.0 Release 8, retrieved 2009-09-09
- Release of sbc-1.1, BlueZ Project, April 30, 2013
- PulseAudio 15 Released With Bluetooth Improvements, Better Hardware Support. Phoronix. July 28, 2021
- PipeWire: Bluetooth support status update. Collabora. April 29, 2022
- The contribution of LDAC encoder, Android Open Source Project, January 10, 2017
- "What is LHDC". hwa-audio. Retrieved 2019-04-30.
- "What is LLAC™?". LHDC org.[dead link]
- Finding voice codecs for free software. Linux.com. October 14, 2005
- "DSP Group Unveils Total Telephony Solutions(TM) For Digital Cordless Telephony Applications". Archived from the original on August 23, 2016. Retrieved June 24, 2015.
- RadioShack Digital Recorder OWNER'S MANUAL p.38. RadioShack. 2002.
- HyperHyde Operation Manual. p.40. I-O DATA. 2000.
- 3GPP (2008-12-11) 3GPP TS 26.073 - AMR speech Codec; version 8.0.0 Release 8, retrieved 2009-09-08.
- 3GPP (2008-12-18) 3GPP TS 26.273 - AMR-WB+ speech Codec; version 8.0.0 Release 8, retrieved 2009-09-09
- 東北上越新幹線デジタル列車 無線システムの開発 (in Japanese) East Japan Railway Company 2003
- Obranovich, Charles R.; Golusky, John M.; Preuss, Robert D.; Fabbri, Darren R.; Cruthirds, Daniel R.; Aylward, Erin M.; Freebersyser, James A.; Kolek, Stephen R. (2010). "300 BPS noise robust vocoder". 2010 - Milcom 2010 Military Communications Conference. pp. 298–303. doi:10.1109/MILCOM.2010.5680311. ISBN 978-1-4244-8178-1. S2CID 8991597.
- Actimagine allège le multimédia sur les terminaux portables (in French), IT Industrie & Technologies, June 25, 2004
- AudioCompressionFormat, Unity Technologies
- Audio Clip, Unity Technologies
- Differences Between Windows and Xbox 360, Microsoft
- 【ひらブラ vol.37】音数を諦めず／音質を妥協せず／負荷を極小にする方法（iOS&Android） (in Japanese), Kadokawa Dwango, September 26, 2014
- FMOD Studio 1.06 and FMOD at GDC expo program announced, Gamasutra, February 17, 2015
- "Lossless". x265.readthedocs.io.
- "HEVC Decoding". x265.
- "Encode/H.265". FFmpeg.
- Niedermayer, Michael; Rice, Dave; Martinez, Jérôme (August 2021). "rfc9043 - FFV1 Video Coding Format Version 0, 1, and 3". datatracker.ietf.org.
- "Lossless Codec Libraries". multimedia.cx.
- "FFmpeg: libavcodec/flashsv.c File Reference". ffmpeg.org.
- "Lagarith Lossless Video Codec". lags.leetcode.net.
- "LOCO - MultimediaWiki". wiki.multimedia.cx.
- "Downloads". TechSmith.
- "#534 (Ut Video Support) – FFmpeg". ffmpeg.org.
- "VBLE - MultimediaWiki". wiki.multimedia.cx.
- "VMware Video". multimedia.cx.
- "The WebM Project - VP8 Encode Parameter Guide". webmproject.org.
- Medoff, Norman; Fink, Edward J. (September 10, 2012). Portable Video: ENG & EFP. CRC Press. p. 221. ISBN 9781136047701.
- Samuelsson, J. and P. Hermansson (July 2, 2018). "The xvc video codec". datatracker.ietf.org.
- Fuldseth, Arild; Bjontegaard, Gisle; Midtskogen, Steinar; Davies, Thomas; Zanaty, Mo (October 31, 2016). "Thor Video Codec". tools.ietf.org.
- "Live demonstration". Forbidden.
- "M-JPEG Codec". Montpellier, France: Morgan Multimedia. Retrieved April 28, 2018.
- "M-JPEG2000 Codec". Montpellier, France: Morgan Multimedia. Retrieved April 28, 2018.
- "dcpPlayer". Montpellier, France: Morgan Multimedia. Retrieved April 28, 2018.
- "FastTICO-XS Codec". Mont-Saint-Guibert, Belgium: intoPIX.
- FFmpeg-cvslog - mpeg4video: Add support for MPEG-4 Simple Studio Profile., FFmpeg Project, April 2, 2018
- FFmpeg Adds Support For Animated JPEG-XL, Phoronix, June 8, 2023
- NewTek Codec Notes NewTek
- Achievement, Audio Video Coding Standard Workgroup of China
- FFmpeg-cvslog - avcodec: add IMM4 decoder, FFmpeg Project, August 21, 2018
- FFmpeg-cvslog - avcodec: add IMM5 decoder, FFmpeg Project, August 29, 2019
- Cintel Scanner p.35. Blackmagic Design. May, 2020.
- 独自コーデックを搭載したニンテンドーDS版Sofdec (in Japanese) CRI Middleware, May 11, 2006
- CRI・ミドルウェア、ゲーム開発者向けブログ「CRIチャンネル」を開設 (in Japanese) Impress Watch Corporation, April 19, 2007