Mangharam Udharam Malkani (24 December 1896 – 1 December 1980) was an Indian scholar, critic, writer, playwright, literary historian and professor in the Sindhi language. He was the pioneer of modern Sindhi dramas. He was recognized as the "Grand old man of Sindhi literature".^[1][2][3][4]

He was born on 24 December 1896 at Hyderabad in the landlord family of Raisahab Udharam Malkani. Prof Malkani led a delegation of Sindhi writers for Asian Writers’ Conference held in 1956 in New Delhi.

He joined D. J. Sindh College, Karachi as lecturer of English. He was the president of Sindhi Sahit Mandal (Sindhi literary Society). After the partition of India, he migrated to India where he joined Jai Hind College, Mumbai.^[5]

He wrote more than 22 books.^[6][7]

He wrote Sindhi Nasar Ji Tarikh (History of Sindhi Prose) for which he received a Sahitya Akademi Award in 1969.^{[citation needed]}

He founded Sindhi Adabi Sangat.^[8]

He died on 1 December 1980 in Bombay, India.^{[citation needed]}