Early life

Smith was born Marie Rose Delorme on October 18, 1861, in Saint François-Xavier in the Red River Colony, British North America (present day Manitoba, Canada) .^[2][3] Her father was Urbain Delorme II and her mother was Marie Desmarais.^[2][5] Her father died while she was young, leaving money for her and her sister to attend the Grey Nuns boarding school in Saint Boniface, Manitoba.^[1] She attended from the ages of 12 to 16, where she learned to speak and write both English and French. She also remained fluent in Cree, and likely Michif, while attending the school. She spoke about missing the annual routine of traversing the western plains with her family in order to hunt and trade with First Nations people. After four years at the school she returned to her mother, who had remarried.^[1]

Marriage and homestead

Marie Rose was married to Charlie Smith, a robe and whiskey trader who was 17 years older than her, in 1877 following an agreement where her mother would receive 50 dollars.^[1] They settled on the Pincher Creek in southern Alberta, building a house and barn on the Jughandle Ranch.^[1][2] Together they had 17 children.

Charlie was often away for long periods of time leaving Marie Rose to raise their children and tend to livestock. She also managed a small home business where she made traditional indigenous clothing and items.^[1] She was contracted to make goods for the Hudson's Bay Company and to sew tents for the Canadian Pacific Railway.^[2]

Charlie Smith died in 1914. Following this Marie Rose established a second homestead as well as a boarding house in the town of Pincher Creek. She also served as both a midwife and a medicine woman.^[3] She was given the nickname of "Buckskin Mary" due to her skills in making gloves and other leather goods.^[6] She was one of the few Euro-Canadian and Indigenous women to own property at the time.^[3]

Writing

While raising her children, managing the homestead, and working as a midwife and a medicine woman she also wrote her memoirs, which were never published in full.^[1] She had several articles published in the Canadian Cattleman, an early prairie ranch periodical.^[6][7][8] Her writing is noted as being a rare example of a Métis chronicler specifically writing about the roles of Métis women during the fur trade, buffalo hunting, and homesteading periods, and during cultural changes on the prairies.^[3] She also wrote details about the plants and animals around her that were used for food, medicine, and shelter.^[6]

Later life and death

In the later part of her life she spent time with her children, mainly in Lethbridge and Edmonton.^[1] She died on April 4, 1960, at the age of 98.^[2][4]