Masuleh

Masuleh

Masuleh

City in Gilan province, Iran

"Khortab" redirects here. For the village in Lahijan County, see Khortab, Lahijan. For the village in Masal County, see Masuleh Khani. For the village in Mazandaran province, see Khortab Rud.

Masuleh (Persian: ماسوله; pronunciationⓘ), also Romanized as Māsūleh, Masoleh and Masouleh,[3] is a city in Sardar-e Jangal District of Fuman County, Gilan province, Iran. Historical names for the city include Māsalar and Khortāb. It was founded in the 10th century.[citation needed]

Quick Facts Persian: ماسوله, Country ...

At the 2006 census, its population was 554 in 180 households.[4] The following census in 2011 counted 568 people in 210 households.[5] The latest census in 2016 showed a population of 393 people in 147 households.[2]

Masuleh is approximately 60 km southwest of Rasht and 32 km west of Fuman. Its people are Talysh. The village is 1,050 meters above sea level in the Alborz (or Elburz) mountain range, near the southern coast of the Caspian Sea. The village itself has a difference in elevation of 100 meters.

Although it has been written that the community was established around 10 AD, the province of Gilan has a long history. The first village of Masuleh was established around 1006 AD, 6 km northwest of the current city, and it is called Old-Masuleh (Kohneh Masuleh in Persian). People moved from Old-Masuleh to the current city because of pestilence and attacks from neighbouring communities.

Masouheh-Rood-Khan is the river passing through the city, with a waterfall located just 200 meters away from the village. It's cut-off by snow during the winter months. Fog is the predominant weather feature of Masuleh.

Architecture

Buildings are mostly two stories (1st floor and 'ground' floor), but it must be said that there are three-story and even four-story houses in Masuleh. Some of the rows have three floors, which are important due to their brick and wooden structure.

There are four main local communities at the city named: "Maza-var" (meaning beside the Mosque) at the south, "Khana-var" (beside homes) at the East, "Kasha-sar" (stretched on top) at the North, and, "Assa-mahala" (Assad community) at the West. Apparently, down town is the Market (Bazaar) area and also the main mosque of the city, named "O-ne-ben-ne Ali" (Awn Ibn Mohammad Ibn Ali Ibn. Abi Taleb) built in 969 AD.[6]

In some of these houses, it has been possible to live in separate apartments in different periods. For example, the Zandipour House, which is now used as an apartment hotel, was accommodated by different families who lived in their separate apartment units for a long time. Each of these units had a separate bathroom and different families lived separately in each of the three floors. However, some three-story houses were occupied by an extended family as the children who were married lived together with their parents in a class structural house.

Girih tiling in buildings of Masuleh

Traditional costume of Masuleh women

Girih tiling consists of straight and broken lines on a regular basis that could be reasonably expanded in the surface.[7]

The historical city of Masuleh is a good model for sustainable architecture and its final aim is respecting the culture and friendly relationship with nature and improving the life style of its residents.[8]

Archaeology

Archaeological survey of the mountain ranges overlooking Masouleh shows that this mountainous region was probably occupied by ancient herders and nomads at least since the late Bronze Age.[9]

Remains of late prehistoric, historic, and Islamic times were discovered on the mountain top above 2500 meters above sea level(See). These mountains were used seasonally, at least since the late Neolithic (5000 BC) Bronze Age (2000-1500 BC), which continued during the Iron Age I (1500-1100 BC), Iron Age III (800-500 BC), Parthian (247 BC to 224 CE), Buyid (943–1029 CE), Seljuk (1043–1051 CE) and Ilkhanid (1306–1335 CE) periods(tehrantimes).

Archaeologists discovered pottery sherds, animal bones, and stone tools that date back to about 7,000 years ago. [10]

Tourism areas

Waterfalls: Kooshm, Larcheshme, and Kourbar.[11]

  • Window of building in Masuleh
  • The yard of the above building is the roof of the below building
  • The nature of Masuleh
  • Buildings are mostly 2 stories

Language

The native people of Masuleh speak Talysh.

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Masuleh.

References

  1. [1]
    OpenStreetMap contributors (3 October 2023). "Masuleh, Fuman County" (Map). OpenStreetMap. Retrieved 3 October 2023.
  2. [2]
    "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1395 (2016)". AMAR (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 01. Archived from the original (Excel) on 4 December 2020. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
  3. [3]
    Masuleh can be found at GEOnet Names Server, at this link, by opening the Advanced Search box, entering "-3074349" in the "Unique Feature Id" form, and clicking on "Search Database".
  4. [4]
    "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1385 (2006)". AMAR (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 01. Archived from the original (Excel) on 20 September 2011. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
  5. [5]
    "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1390 (2011)". Syracuse University (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 01. Archived from the original (Excel) on 8 October 2023. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
  6. [6]
    Sotoudeh, Manouchehr. "Monuments OF GĪLĀN". Encyclopædia Iranica. Retrieved 19 November 2011.
  7. [7]
    Sattari Sarbangholi, H., & Hasanpour loumer, S. (2015). The Ornamentations of Girih Tiling in Buildings of the Khanebar Neighborhood in Masouleh. HONAR-HA-YE-ZIBA HONAR-HA-YE-TAJASSOMI, 19(4), autumn, 55-66.
  8. [8]
    Hasanpour loumer, Saeid. "A Study on Decorations (Chinese Knotting) Used in Monuments of Masouleh Historical City, Case Study: Kasha-Sar Olia." the scientific-research degree of Armanshahr journal 9.17 (2017): 25-36. http://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_44601.doc. Web. 21 Apr. 2017. <http://www.armanshahrjournal.com/article_44601_d67ce62e2560b3fb2d9f0eac1aad57f8.pdf>.
  9. [9]
    Biglari, F., M. Akbari 2022.L’homme et le paysage de montagne dans l’Elbourz, ARCHAEOLGIA, 608:16-17.
  10. [10]
    "Discovery of 7K years old early herders' camp on Mountaintop near Masouleh, Gilan". 28 September 2022.
  11. [11]
    "masuleh in iran". January 2019.

13. Pourali Mostafa and Mansour Falamaki 2015. Understanding Territories, Case Study: MASOULEH, in kashan University press, http://jias.kashanu.ac.ir
Share this article:

This article uses material from the Wikipedia article Masuleh, and is written by contributors. Text is available under a CC BY-SA 4.0 International License; additional terms may apply. Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.