Mattaponi, also known as the John Bowie Jr. House, is a historic home in Croom, Maryland, built c. 1820 on the foundation of an earlier house dating to the 1730s,^[1] three miles northwest of Nottingham, Prince George's County, Maryland.^[2]

John Bowie, Sr., who emigrated to colonial Maryland in 1705 from Scotland, purchased a large tract of land called "Brooke's Reserve" about two miles west of Nottingham for a son, Captain William Bowie, when the son was twenty-one years old. A large brick house was erected there that was called Mattaponi, the name of the nearest creek and a Native American word meaning "meeting of the waters".^[1] The tract of land later became known by the name for the house.^[3] The current house is the second, being built on the foundation of the first. A tribe by the name Mattaponi resided in what would become colonial Virginia.

The Bowie family had extensive landholdings in the county and were important politically.^[4] They settled in and near Nottingham during the colonial period, building a number of homes including Mattaponi.^[3]

Robert Bowie, Governor of Maryland from 1803 to 1806 and 1811–12, is buried at Mattaponi and is believed to have been born there as well,^[3] although this is not proven; as an adult, he made his residence at "The Cedars" in Nottingham on the Patuxent River.^[1] Mattaponi is very similar in styling to the home he built nearby for his daughter, Bowieville, also brick covered with stucco.^[4]

Walter Bowie also was born at Mattaponi.^[3][5]

In December 1846, Richard Lowndes Ogle married Priscilla Mackall Bowie at Mattaponi.^[6]