Mexico competed at the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, USSR. 45 competitors, 36 men and 9 women, took part in 43 events in 12 sports.^[1]

Men's 10,000 metres

• Enrique Aquino

• Heat — 29:21.3 (→ did not advance)

• Rodolfo Gómez

• Heat — 29:25.7 (→ did not advance)

• José Gómez

• Heat — 29:53.6 (→ did not advance)

Men's Marathon

• Rodolfo Gómez

• Final — 2:12:39 (→ 6th place)

Men's 20 km Walk

• Raúl González

• Final — 1:27:48.6 (→ 6th place)

• Daniel Bautista

• Final — DSQ (→ no ranking)

• Domingo Colín

• Final — DSQ (→ no ranking)

Men's 50 km Walk

• Raúl González

• Final — did not finish (→ no ranking)

• Daniel Bautista

• Final — did not finish (→ no ranking)

• Martín Bermúdez

• Final — did not finish (→ no ranking)

Men's Light Flyweight (– 48 kg)

• Gilberto Sosa

• First Round — Defeated Vandui Bayasgalan (Mongolia) on points (4-1)
• Second Round — Lost to Li Byong-Uk (North Korea) on points (2-3)

Men's Flyweight (– 51 kg)

• Roman Gilberto

• First Round — Bye
• Second Round — Defeated Alberto Mercado (Puerto Rico) after referee stopped contest in first round
• Quarter Finals — Lost to Petar Lesov (Bulgaria) on points (1-4)

Men's Bantamweight (– 54 kg)

• Daniel Zaragoza

• First Round — Bye
• Second Round — Defeated Philip Sutcliffe (Ireland) on points (5-0)
• Third Round — Defeated Raymond Gilbody (Great Britain) on points (4-1)
• Quarter Finals — Lost to Michael Anthony (Guyana) after referee stopped contest in second round

Men's Featherweight (– 57 kg)

• Carlos González

• First Round — Defeated Nidal Haddad (Syria) on points (5-0)
• Second Round — Defeated Ravsal Otgonbayar (Mongolia) on points (3-2)
• Third Round — Lost to Rudi Fink (East Germany) after knock-out in first round

Men's Springboard

• Carlos Girón

• Heats — 580.20 points (→ 1st place)
• Final — 892.140 points (→ Silver Medal)

• Francisco Rueda

• Preliminary Round — 495.63 points (→ 14th place, did not advance)

• Jorge Mondragón

• Heats — 454.17 points (→ 20th place, did not advance)

Men's Platform

• Carlos Girón

• Heats — 515.37 points (→ 5th place)
• Final — 809.805 points (→ 4th place)

• Francisco Rueda

• Preliminary Round — 428.52 points (→ 15th place, did not advance)

• Salvador Sobrino

• Preliminary Round — 456.87 points (→ 11th place, did not advance)

Two male pentathletes represented Mexico in 1980.

Individual

• Ivar Sisniega
• Jens Lohmann

Women's 100 m Breaststroke

• Elke Holtz

• Heats — 1:15.89 (→ did not advance)

Women's 4 × 100 m Freestyle Relay

• Isabel Reuss, Dagmar Erdman, Teresa Rivera, and Helen Plachinski

• Heats — 3.56,87
• Final — 3.55,41 (→ 6th place)

Women's 4 × 100 m Medley Relay

• Teresa Rivera, Elke Holtz, Dagmar Erdman, and Helen Plachinski

• Heats — 4.25,95 (→ did not advance)

Men's freestyle 48 kg

• Jorge Frías

• Eliminated in Third Round

Men's Greco-Roman 48 kg

• Alfredo Olvera

• Sixth place