Mykhailo Illich Bondarenko (Ukrainian: Михайло Ілліч Бондаренко; 8 September 1903 – 10 February 1938) was a Ukrainian and Soviet politician, who served as the Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of Ukrainian SSR (today's equivalent of prime-minister) from August to October 1937.^[1]

On 13 October 1937, Bondarenko was arrested during an official trip in Moscow and charged with the belonging to anti-Soviet Trotskyist terrorist and sabotage organization, which acted in the oil industry of the USSR. On 8 February 1938 the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court sentenced him to be shot, and on 10 February he was executed. Bondarenko was rehabilitated by the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the USSR on 14 April 1956.

Mykhailo Bondarenko was born in a peasant family in a town of Yelizavetgrad (present day Kropyvnytskyi), central Ukraine.