The Nebo-SVU (also known as 1L119) (in Cyrillic: Небо-СВУ, 1Л119) is a very high frequency multi-functional radar and first radar with an active electronically scanned array antenna operating in the metric wavelength. The radar was introduced in 2001 as a replacement for Nebo-SV. It can locate aircraft or other flying object with 0.1 m² radar cross-section at 100 km (62 mi).^[1]

This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. (April 2024)

Quick Facts Country of origin, Introduced ...

Nebo-SVU at Maritime Defence Show in 2011

Nebo-SVU
Country of origin	Russia
Introduced	2001
Frequency	VHF
Range	380 km (240 mi)
Altitude	100 km (62 mi) in search mode, 180 km (110 mi) in tracking mode
Azimuth	360°
Power	30 kW

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VHF radar systems have wavelengths comparable to aircraft feature sizes and should exhibit scattering in the resonance region rather than the optical region, allowing most stealth aircraft to be detected. Soviet Union was known for developing VHF radars such as P-12 and P-18 radars with counter-stealth capabilities. Request to detect stealthy aircraft and provide anti-aircraft systems^[2] with their coordinates prompted Nizhny Novgorod Research Institute of Radio Engineering (NNIIRT) to develop VHF AESA Nebo-SVU with digital signal processors,^[3] which is capable of performing target acquisition for Surface-to-air missile batteries such as S-300 missile system or S-400 missile system. Despite the advantages offered by VHF radar in detecting stealth aircraft, their longer wavelengths result in lower resolution when compared to the size of the X-band radar array.

Nebo-SVU is a solid-state phased array with electronic beam steering in azimuth and elevation, more accurate than Nebo SV with much better mobility and incorporates a wide range of improvements. It retains the VHF element design of its predecessor, but it uses vertical polarization. It has an array of 84 (14×6) vertically polarized VHF Yagis each with a 3/8 folded dipole and director element. MTBF is 500 h contributed to modern technology used in production.^[4] It is produced by Almaz-Antey concern.

Radar Nebo SVU consists of:

• antenna-hardware post (AAP) on the semi-trailer ChMZAP 9907.2
• diesel power plants (DPPs)
  • ED 2×30-T400-1RA1M4 (or ED 2×30-T400-1RA1M6) on the chassis of the Ural vehicle or
  • ED 2×30-T400-1RA1M5 (or ED 2×30-T400-1RA1M7) on the chassis of a KamAZ vehicle

Nebo-SVU is used to control arctic airspace by 45th Air and Air Defence Forces Army of Northern Fleet.^[5]

On the night of 29-30 May 2024, Ukrainian SBU drones destroyed a Nebo-SVU radar based at Armyansk on Crimea.^[6]

•  Russia
•  Algeria
•  Iran^[7]

• Nebo-M