Operation_Dani

Operation Danny

Operation Danny

Israeli military offensive

Operation Danny (Hebrew: מבצע דני, Mivtza Dani) was an Israeli military offensive launched at the end of the first truce of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War. The objectives were to capture territory east of Tel Aviv and then to push inland and relieve the Jewish population and forces in Jerusalem. The main forces fighting against the IDF were the Arab Legion and Palestinian irregulars[1]

Quick Facts Date, Location ...

It took place on July 9–19, 1948, being launched at the end of the first truce. On 10 July, Glubb Pasha ordered the defending Arab Legion troops to "make arrangements...for a phony war".[2]

The operation commander was Yigal Allon and his deputy was Yitzhak Rabin. The total force numbered around 6,000 soldiers.[3]

Name

The operation was named after Palmach officer Daniel "Dani" Mass, who had fallen on January 16, 1948, while commanding a relief action known as "Convoy of 35".[citation needed]

Objectives

The first phase of Operation Dani was to capture the cities of Lydda and Ramle, located on the road to Jerusalem, southeast of Tel Aviv. Ramle was one of the main obstacles blocking Jewish transportation.[4] From the start of the war, Lydda and Ramle militiamen had attacked Jewish traffic on nearby roads.[5] Ramle became a focal point for blocking Jewish transportation, forcing traffic from Jerusalem to Tel Aviv to a southern bypass.[6]

The second phase was to capture the fort at Latrun and break through Ramallah. The operation was carried out under Palmach command using the Yiftach Brigade, the Harel Brigade, the 8th Armored Brigade and two battalions from the Kiryati and Alexandroni brigades.

Lydda and Ramle

Main article: 1948 Palestinian expulsion from Lydda and Ramle
Palmach (Yiftach brigade) soldiers with a (just destroyed by a PIAT) captured Jordanian army armored car, Operation Dani, al-Burj, 15 July 1948

On 9 July units from the Yiftach Brigade began approaching Ramle from the south. At the same time troops from the other brigades began attacking villages north of Lydda. Caught in a pincer movement and with only a token Arab Legion presence the two towns were captured the following day. This put Lydda airport and the strategic railway station at Ramle in Israeli hands. Two days after the capture of Lydda and Ramle only a few hundred of the 50,000 to 70,000 residents remained in the two towns.

Lydda after conquest. 1948

Latrun

Main article: Battles of Latrun (1948)
Road from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem.

The second phase of the operation failed after several costly attacks on Arab Legion positions at Latrun and the threat of a UN-imposed cease-fire.[7]

Casualties

The Palmach record the names of ninety-one of its members killed during this Operation. Forty-four were killed at Khirbet Kurikur on 18 July 1948. Seven were killed in the capture of Lydda.[8]

Palestinian Arab communities captured

More information Name, Date ...

Units

See also

References

  1. [1]
    Chaim Herzog, 'The Arab-Israeli Wars' ISBN 0-85368-367-0 (1982). page 80: 'A blow against the Arab Legion was the essence of Operation 'Danny' planned as the main Israeli offensive to be mounted on the resumption of hostilities.'
  2. [2]
    Morris, Benny (October 2008). 1948. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0300145243.
  3. [3]
    Kimche, Jon; Kimche, David (1960). A Clash of Destinies. The Arab-Jewish War and the Founding of the State of Israel. Frederick A. Praeger. p. 225. LCCN 60-6996. OCLC 1348948. largest force yet assembled under one Israeli.
  4. [4]
    Golan, Arnon. "Lydda and Ramle: from Palestinian-Arab to Israeli towns, 1948-67," Middle Eastern Studies, October 1, 2003
  5. [5]
    Morris 2004, p. 424
  6. [6]
    Lydda and Ramle: from Palestinian-Arab to Israeli towns, 1948-67. by Golan, Arnon
  7. [7]
    Herzog, page 82.
  8. [8]
    "פלמ"ח". Archived from the original on 2012-06-01. Retrieved 2010-11-23.
  9. [9]
    Herzog, page 80.
  10. [10]
    Moshe Dayan, 'My Life.' ISBN 0-688-03076-9 (1976). Page 103.

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