Count Pavel Sergeyevich Stroganov (Russian: Па́вел Серге́евич Стро́ганов; 13 April 1823 – 17 December 1911) was an art collector, philanthropist, and cup-bearer at the Imperial Court.

Stroganov was born on 13 April 1823 in Saint Petersburg. He was the second son among the four sons and three daughters of Count Sergei Grigoryevich Stroganov and Countess Natalia Pavlovna Stroganova (1796-1872), who were cousins whose marriage had united two separate lines of the Stroganov family (his father was descended from Nikolai Grigoryevich Stroganov, the second son of Grigory Dmitriyevich Stroganov and his mother was descended from Sergei Grigoryevich Stroganov, the third son of Nikolai Grigoryevich Stroganov).^[1]

His paternal grandparents were Baron Grigory Stroganov and Princess Anna Trubetskaya. His maternal grandparents were Count Pavel Alexandrovich Stroganov and Princess Sophie Golitsyna (a daughter of Prince Vladimir Borisovich Golitsyn and his wife Nathalia Petrovna).^[2]

He graduated from the law faculty of Moscow State University in 1845, after which he entered the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and was posted to the embassy in Rome, as Third Secretary, in 1847. Two years later, he was named a Titular Counselor at the ministry and, in 1852, he was appointed Junior Secretary at the embassy in Vienna. In 1855, at his request, he was returned to Rome. The following year, he was awarded the Order of Saint Stanislaus.

After 1888, he served as a Privy Councilor and Hofmeister. In 1894, he was honored with the position of "обер-шенки" (cup-bearer). By this time, his collection had grown so large he found it necessary to store some of the less important works at his estate in Tambov Province.

In 1851, he married Anna Dmitrievna Buturlina (1825-1906), daughter of the General and Senator, Dmitry Buturlin.^[3] She was a founder, and served as a trustee, of the orphanage at the Sergiev Orthodox Brotherhood, for which she was awarded the Order of Saint Catherine in 1891. They had no children.

He died at home in Saint Petersburg, aged eighty-eight, of "heart paralysis" and was interred at the Trinity Lavra of St. Sergius, next to Anna, who had died of a cerebral haemorrhage .^[3] The most valuable works from his collection were bequeathed to the Hermitage Museum.