Philyra_(Oceanid)
Philyra (Oceanid)
Greek mythological figure
In Greek mythology, Philyra or Phillyra (/ˈfɪlərə/; Ancient Greek: Φιλύρα, romanized: Philýra, lit. 'linden-tree') was one of the 3,000 Oceanids, water-nymph daughters of the Titans Oceanus and Tethys.[1][2]
By the Titan Cronus, Philyra was the mother of the centaur Chiron.[3] Cronus' wife Rhea walked in on them, thereupon Cronus assumed the form of a stallion and galloped away, in order not to be caught by her, hence the half-human, half-equine shape of their offspring;[4][5] this was said to have taken place on Mount Pelion.[6] When she gave birth to her son, she was so disgusted by how he looked that she abandoned him at birth, and implored the gods to transform her into anything other than anthropomorphic as she could not bear the shame of having had such a monstrous child; the gods (specifically Zeus) changed her into a linden tree.[7]
Yet in some versions Philyra and Chariclo, the wife of Chiron, nursed the young Achilles;[8] Chiron's dwelling on Pelion where his disciples were reared was known as "Philyra's cave".[9] Chiron was often referred to by the matronymic Philyrides or the like.[10] Two other sons of Cronus and Philyra may have been Dolops[11] and Aphrus, the ancestor and eponym of the Aphroi, i.e. the native Africans.[12]
- Scholia on Apollonius Rhodius, Argonautica 2.1235 citing Pherecydes; Hyginus, Fabulae 138. Compare with Callimachus, Hymn 1 to Zeus 33–36
- Bane, Theresa (2013). Encyclopedia of Fairies in World Folklore and Mythology. McFarland, Incorporated, Publishers. p. 273. ISBN 9780786471119.
- Apollodorus 1.2.4; Hyginus, De Astronomica 2.38.1; Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia 7.56.3; Tzetzes on Lycophron, Alexandra 1200.
- Apollonius Rhodius, Argonautica 2.1231-1237, with scholia on 2.1235 citing Pherecydes & 1.554
- Callimachus, Hymn 4 to Delos 104 ff.
- Pindar, Pythian Odes 4.102 ff; scholia on Apollonius Rhodius, Argonautica 4.813
- Pindar, Nemean Odes 3.43; Callimachus, Hymn 4 to Delos 118; Nonnus, Dionysiaca 48.40
- Hesiod, Theogony 1002; Pindar, Pythian Odes 3.1; Apollonius Rhodius, Argonautica 1.554; Argonautica Orphica 450; Virgil, Georgics 3.549
- Apollonius Rhodius, Argonautica translated by Robert Cooper Seaton (1853-1915), R. C. Loeb Classical Library Volume 001. London, William Heinemann Ltd, 1912. Online version at the Topos Text Project.
- Apollonius Rhodius, Argonautica. George W. Mooney. London. Longmans, Green. 1912. Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library.
- Callimachus, Callimachus and Lycophron with an English translation by A. W. Mair ; Aratus, with an English translation by G. R. Mair, London: W. Heinemann, New York: G. P. Putnam 1921. Internet Archive.
- Callimachus, Works. A.W. Mair. London: William Heinemann; New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons. 1921. Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library.
- Hesiod, Theogony from The Homeric Hymns and Homerica with an English Translation by Hugh G. Evelyn-White, Cambridge, MA.,Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1914. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library. Greek text available from the same website.
- Hyginus, Gaius Julius, Fabulae from The Myths of Hyginus translated and edited by Mary Grant. University of Kansas Publications in Humanistic Studies. Online version at the Topos Text Project.
- Hyginus, Gaius Julius, Astronomica from The Myths of Hyginus translated and edited by Mary Grant. University of Kansas Publications in Humanistic Studies. Online version at the Topos Text Project.
- Nonnus of Panopolis, Dionysiaca translated by William Henry Denham Rouse (1863-1950), from the Loeb Classical Library, Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press, 1940. Online version at the Topos Text Project.
- Nonnus of Panopolis, Dionysiaca. 3 Vols. W.H.D. Rouse. Cambridge, MA., Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann, Ltd. 1940-1942. Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library.
- Pindar, Odes translated by Diane Arnson Svarlien. 1990. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
- Pindar, The Odes of Pindar including the Principal Fragments with an Introduction and an English Translation by Sir John Sandys, Litt.D., FBA. Cambridge, MA., Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1937. Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library.
- Pliny the Elder, The Natural History. John Bostock, M.D., F.R.S. H.T. Riley, Esq., B.A. London. Taylor and Francis, Red Lion Court, Fleet Street. 1855. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
- Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia. Karl Friedrich Theodor Mayhoff. Lipsiae. Teubner. 1906. Latin text available at the Perseus Digital Library.
- Publius Vergilius Maro, Bucolics, Aeneid, and Georgics of Vergil. J. B. Greenough. Boston. Ginn & Co. 1900. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
- Suida, Suda Encyclopedia translated by Ross Scaife, David Whitehead, William Hutton, Catharine Roth, Jennifer Benedict, Gregory Hays, Malcolm Heath Sean M. Redmond, Nicholas Fincher, Patrick Rourke, Elizabeth Vandiver, Raphael Finkel, Frederick Williams, Carl Widstrand, Robert Dyer, Joseph L. Rife, Oliver Phillips and many others. Online version at the Topos Text Project.
- The Orphic Argonautica, translated by Jason Colavito. Copyright 2011. Online version at the Topos Text Project.
- Apollodorus, Apollodorus, The Library, with an English Translation by Sir James George Frazer, F.B.A., F.R.S. in 2 Volumes. Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1921. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.