Psalter_Pahlavi
Psalter Pahlavi
Abjad which was used for writing Middle Persian on paper
Psalter Pahlavi is a cursive abjad that was used for writing Middle Persian on paper; it is thus described as one of the Pahlavi scripts.[1] It was written right to left, usually with spaces between words.[1]
| Psalter Pahlavi | |
|---|---|
Sample of text taken from the Cross of Herat | |
| Script type | |
Time period | Mid-6th to 7th century CE |
| Direction | Right-to-left script  |
| Languages | Middle Persian |
| Related scripts | |
Parent systems | Aramaic alphabet
|
| ISO 15924 | |
| ISO 15924 | Phlp (132), โPsalter Pahlavi |
| Unicode | |
Unicode alias | Psalter Pahlavi |
| U+10B80โU+10BAF | |
It takes its name from the Pahlavi Psalter, part of the Psalms translated from Syriac to Middle Persian and found in what is now western China.[2]
| Name[lower-alpha 1] | Image | Text | IPA[3] |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aleph |  |
๐ฎ | /a/, /aห/ |
| Beth |  |
๐ฎ | /b/, /w/ |
| Gimel |  |
๐ฎ | /g/, /j/ |
| Daleth |  |
๐ฎ | /d/, /j/ |
| He |  |
๐ฎ | /h/ |
| Waw-Ayin-Resh |  |
๐ฎ | /w/, /r/ |
| Zayin |  |
๐ฎ | /z/ |
| Heth |  |
๐ฎ | /h/, /x/ |
| Yodh |  |
๐ฎ | /j/, /ฤฬ/, /ฤซฬ/, /dอกส/ |
| Kaph |  |
๐ฎ | /k/, /g/ |
| Lamedh |  |
๐ฎ | /l/, /r/ |
| Mem-Qoph |  |
๐ฎ | /m/, /q/ |
| Nun |  |
๐ฎ | /n/ |
| Samekh |  |
๐ฎ | /s/, /h/ |
| Pe |  |
๐ฎ | /p/, /b/, /f/ |
| Sadhe |  |
๐ฎ | /tอกส/, /dอกส/, /z/ |
| Shin |  |
๐ฎ | /ส/ |
| Taw |  |
๐ฎ | /t/, /d/ |
Four different large section-ending punctuation marks were used:
| Mark | Description | |
|---|---|---|
| Image | Text | |
 | ๐ฎ | Section mark |
 | ๐ฎ | Turned section mark |
 | ๐ฎ | Four dots with cross |
 | ๐ฎ | Four dots with dot |
Psalter Pahlavi had its own numerals:
| Value | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 10 | 20 | 100 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sign | Image |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Text | ๐ฎฉ | ๐ฎช | ๐ฎซ | ๐ฎฌ | ๐ฎญ | ๐ฎฎ | ๐ฎฏ | |
Some numerals have joining behavior (with both numerals and letters).[1] Numbers are written right-to-left. Numbers without corresponding numerals are additive. For example, 96 is written as ๐ฎฎ๐ฎฎ๐ฎฎ๐ฎฎ๐ฎญ๐ฎซ๐ฎซโ (20 + 20 + 20 + 20 + 10 + 3 + 3).[1]
Psalter Pahlavi script was added to the Unicode Standard in June, 2014 with the release of version 7.0.
The Unicode block is U+10B80โU+10BAF:
| Psalter Pahlavi[1][2] Official Unicode Consortium code chart (PDF) | ||||||||||||||||
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | A | B | C | D | E | F | |
| U+10B8x | ๐ฎโ | ๐ฎโ | ๐ฎโ | ๐ฎโ | ๐ฎโ | ๐ฎ โ | ๐ฎโ | ๐ฎโ | ๐ฎโ | ๐ฎโ | ๐ฎโ | ๐ฎโ | ๐ฎโ | ๐ฎโ | ๐ฎโ | ๐ฎโ |
| U+10B9x | ๐ฎโ | ๐ฎโ | ๐ฎโ | ๐ฎโ | ๐ฎโ | ๐ฎโ | ||||||||||
| U+10BAx | ๐ฎฉโ | ๐ฎชโ | ๐ฎซโ | ๐ฎฌโ | ๐ฎญโ | ๐ฎฎโ | ๐ฎฏโ | |||||||||
| Notes | ||||||||||||||||
- Everson, Michael; Pournader, Roozbeh (2011-05-06). "N4040: Proposal for encoding the Psalter Pahlavi script in the SMP of the UCS" (PDF). Working Group Document, ISO/IEC JTC1/SC2/WG2.
- Daniels, Peter T.; Bright, William, eds. (1996). The World's Writing Systems. Oxford University Press, Inc. pp. 518. ISBN 978-0195079937.
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