Riverside_County,_California

Riverside County, California

Riverside County, California

County in California, United States


33.73°N 115.98°W / 33.73; -115.98

Quick Facts Country, State ...

Riverside County is a county located in the southern portion of the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 census, the population was 2,418,185,[3][5] making it the fourth-most populous county in California and the 10th-most populous in the United States. The name was derived from the city of Riverside, which is the county seat.[6]

Riverside County is included in the Riverside–San BernardinoOntario Metropolitan Statistical Area, also known as the Inland Empire. The county is also included in the Los AngelesLong Beach Combined Statistical Area.

Roughly rectangular, Riverside County covers 7,208 square miles (18,670 km2) in Southern California, spanning from the greater Los Angeles area to the Arizona border. Geographically, the western region of the county is chaparral with a Mediterranean climate, while the central and eastern regions of the county are predominantly desert or mountainous. Most of Joshua Tree National Park is located in the county. The desert resort cities of Indio, Coachella, Palm Springs, Palm Desert, Indian Wells, La Quinta, Rancho Mirage, Cathedral City and Desert Hot Springs are located in the Coachella Valley region of central-eastern Riverside County.

Between 2007 and 2011, large numbers of Los Angeles-area workers moved to the county to take advantage of more affordable housing.[7] Along with neighboring San Bernardino County, it was one of the fastest-growing regions in the state prior to the recent changes in the regional economy. In addition, smaller, but significant, numbers of people have been moving into southwest Riverside County from the San Diego metropolitan area.[8][9] The cities of Temecula and Murrieta accounted for 20% of the increase in population of the county between 2000 and 2007.[citation needed]

Location

Riverside County is bordered on the north by San Bernardino County; on the northeast by La Paz County, Arizona; on the southeast by Imperial County; on the southwest by San Diego County; on the west by Orange County; and on the northwest by Los Angeles County.

Etymology

When Riverside County was formed in 1893, it was named for the city of Riverside, the county seat. That city, founded in 1870, was so named because of its location near the Santa Ana River.[10][11]

History

Indigenous

The homelands of the Cahuilla include a large area of Riverside County.

The Indigenous peoples of the valleys, mountains and deserts of what is now Riverside County are the Serrano, the Payómkawichum, the Mohave, the Cupeno, the Chemehuevi, the Cahuilla, and the Tongva.[12][13] The Aguanga and Temecula Basins, Elsinore Trough and eastern Santa Ana Mountains are the traditional homelands of the Payómkawichum. The inland valleys in the Santa Rosa and San Jacinto Mountains and the desert of the Salton Sink are the traditional homelands of the Cahuilla.

Spanish era

The first European settlement in the county was a Mission San Luis Rey de Francia estancia or farm at the Luiseño village of Temescal. In 1819, the Mission granted Leandro Serrano permission to occupy the land for the purpose of grazing and farming, and Serrano established Rancho Temescal. Serrano was mayordomo of San Antonio de Pala Asistencia for the Mission of San Luis Rey.

Mexican era

With the signing of the Treaty of Cordoba in 1821, Mexico gained its independence from Spain, but the San Gabriel Mission near what is now Los Angeles, California, continued to expand, and established Rancho San Gorgonio in 1824. The ranch was to be one of the Mission's principal rancherias, and the most distant, and it occupied most of today's San Gorgonio Pass area.[14][15]

Following the Mexican secularization act of 1833 by the First Mexican Republic, a series of rancho land grants were made throughout the state. In the Riverside County this included; Rancho Jurupa in 1838, El Rincon in 1839, Rancho San Jacinto Viejo in 1842, Rancho San Jacinto y San Gorgonio in 1843, Ranchos La Laguna, Pauba, Temecula in 1844, Ranchos Little Temecula, Potreros de San Juan Capistrano in 1845, Ranchos San Jacinto Sobrante, La Sierra (Sepulveda), La Sierra (Yorba), Santa Rosa and San Jacinto Nuevo y Potrero in 1846.

New Mexican colonists founded the town of La Placita on the east side of the Santa Ana River at the northern extremity of what is now the city of Riverside in 1843.

American era

When the initial 27 California counties were established in 1850, the area today known as Riverside County was divided between Los Angeles County and San Diego County. In 1853, the eastern part of Los Angeles County was used to create San Bernardino County. Between 1891 and 1893, several proposals and legislative attempts were put forth to form new counties in Southern California. These proposals included one for a Pomona County and one for a San Jacinto County. None of the proposals were adopted until a measure to create Riverside County was signed by Governor Henry H. Markham on March 11, 1893.[16]

County formation

The new county was created from parts of San Bernardino County and San Diego County. On May 2, 1893, seventy percent of voters approved the formation of Riverside County. Voters chose the city of Riverside as the county seat, also by a large margin. Riverside County was officially formed on May 9, 1893, when the Board of Commissioners filed the final canvass of the votes.[16]

The county is also the location of the March Air Reserve Base, one of the oldest airfields continuously operated by the United States military. Established as the Alessandro Flying Training Field in February 1918, it was one of thirty-two U.S. Army Air Service training camps established after the United States entry into World War I in April 1917. The airfield was renamed March Field the following month for 2d Lieutenant Peyton C. March Jr., the recently deceased son of the then-Army Chief of Staff, General Peyton C. March, who was killed in an air crash in Texas just fifteen days after being commissioned. March Field remained an active Army Air Service, then U.S. Army Air Corps installation throughout the interwar period, later becoming a major installation of the U.S. Army Air Forces during World War II. Renamed March Air Force Base in 1947 following the establishment of the U.S. Air Force, it was a major Strategic Air Command (SAC) installation throughout the Cold War. In 1996, it was transferred to the Air Force Reserve Command and gained its current name as a major base for the Air Force Reserve and the California Air National Guard.[citation needed]

Riverside county was a major focal point of the Civil Rights Movements in the US, especially the African-American sections of Riverside and heavily Mexican-American communities of the Coachella Valley visited by Cesar Chavez of the farm labor union struggle.

Riverside county has also been a focus of modern Native American Gaming enterprises. In the early 1980s, the county government attempted to shut down small bingo halls operated by the Morongo Band of Cahuilla Mission Indians and the Cabazon Band of Mission Indians. The tribes joined forces and fought the county all the way to the U.S. Supreme Court, which ruled in the tribes' favor on February 25, 1987.[17] In turn, Congress enacted the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act in 1988 to establish a legal framework for the relationship between Indian gaming and state governments. Naturally, both tribes now operate large casinos in the county: the Morongo Casino, Resort & Spa and the Fantasy Springs Resort Casino adjacent to Spotlight 29 Casino.

The county's population surpassed one million people in 1990 (year-round, would be 1980 with seasonal residents) when the current trend of high population growth as a major real estate destination began in the 1970s. Once strictly a place for long-distance commuters to L.A. and later Orange County, the county and city of Riverside started becoming more of a place to establish new or relocated offices, corporations and finance centers in the late 1990s and 2000s. More light industry, manufacturing and truck distribution centers became major regional employers in the county. [citation needed]

Geography

El Paseo in Palm Desert, California

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 7,303 square miles (18,910 km2), of which 7,206 square miles (18,660 km2) is land and 97 square miles (250 km2) (1.3%) is water.[18] It is the fourth-largest county in California by area. At roughly 180 miles (290 km) wide in the east–west dimension, the area of the county is massive. Riverside County, California is roughly the size of the State of New Jersey in total area. County government documents frequently cite the Colorado River town of Blythe as being a "three-hour drive" from the county seat, Riverside. Some view the areas west of San Gorgonio Pass as the Inland Empire portion of the county and the eastern part as either the Mojave Desert or Colorado Desert portion. There are probably at least three geomorphic provinces: the Inland Empire western portion, the Santa Rosa Mountains communities such as Reinhardt Canyon, and the desert region. Other possible subdivisions include tribal lands, the Colorado River communities, and the Salton Sea.

Flora and fauna

Yucca pines near Ryan Mountain Trail in Joshua Tree National Park
Southerly view of the San Jacinto Mountains from State Route 62

There is a diversity of flora and fauna within Riverside County. Vegetative plant associations feature many desert flora, but there are also forested areas within the county. The California endemic Blue oak, Quercus douglasii is at the southernmost part of its range in Riverside County.[19]

National protected areas

There are 19 official wilderness areas in Riverside County that are part of the National Wilderness Preservation System. Some are integral parts of the above protected areas, most (11 of the 19) are managed solely by the Bureau of Land Management, and some share management between the BLM and the relevant other agencies. Some extend into neighboring counties:

State parks

County parks and trails

Demographics

More information Census, Pop. ...

2020 census

More information Race / Ethnicity, Pop 2010 ...

Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.

Ethnic origins in Riverside County

2011

More information Population, race, and income, Total population ...

Places by population, race, and income

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2010

The 2010 United States Census reported that Riverside County had a population of 2,189,641. The racial makeup of Riverside County was 1,335,147 (61.0%) White (40.7% Non-Hispanic White), 140,543 (6.4%) African American, 23,710 (1.1%) Native American, 130,468 (6.0%) Asian (2.3% Filipino, 0.8% Chinese, 0.7% Vietnamese, 0.6% Korean, 0.5% Indian, 0.2% Japanese, 0.1% Cambodian, 0.1% Laotian, 0.1% Pakistani), 6,874 (0.3%) Pacific Islander, 448,235 (20.5%) from other races, and 104,664 (4.8%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 995,257 persons (45.5%); 39.5% of Riverside County is Mexican, 0.8% Salvadoran, 0.7% Honduran, 0.6% Puerto Rican, 0.3% Cuban, and 0.2% Nicaraguan.[38]

More information Population reported at 2010 United States Census ...

2000

As of the census[39] of 2000, there were 1,545,387 people, 506,218 households, and 372,576 families residing in the county. The population density was 214 inhabitants per square mile (83/km2). There were 584,674 housing units at an average density of 81 per square mile (31/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 65.6% White, 6.2% Black or African American, 1.2% Native American, 3.7% Asian, 0.3% Pacific Islander, 18.7% from other races, and 4.4% from two or more races. 36.2% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 9.2% were of German, 6.9% English, 6.1% Irish and 5.0% American ancestry according to Census 2000. 67.2% spoke English and 27.7% Spanish as their first language.

In 2006 the county had a population of 2,026,803, up 31.2% since 2000. In 2005 45.8% of the population was non-Hispanic whites. The percentages of African Americans, Asians and Native Americans remained relatively similar to their 2000 figures. The percentage of Pacific Islanders had majorly risen to 0.4. Hispanics now constituted 41% of the population.

There were 506,218 households, out of which 38.90% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.5% were married couples living together, 12.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.4% were non-families. 20.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.0 and the average family size was 3.5.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 30.3% under the age of 18, 9.2% from 18 to 24, 28.9% from 25 to 44, 18.9% from 45 to 64, and 12.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.8 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $42,887, and the median income for a family was $48,409. Males had a median income of $38,639 versus $28,032 for females. The per capita income for the county was $18,689. About 10.7% of families and 14.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.5% of those under age 18 and 7.6% of those age 65 or over.

Government and law enforcement

Government

Riverside County is organized as a General Law County under the provision of the California Government Code. The county has five supervisorial districts, and one supervisor is elected from each district every four years.[40]

Riverside County Historic Courthouse

In 1999, the County Board of Supervisors approved a multimillion-dollar planning effort to create the Riverside County Integrated Plan (RCIP) which was to encompass a completely new General Plan, regional transportation plan (CETAP) and Habitat Conservation Plan. The resultant General Plan adopted in 2003 was considered groundbreaking for its multidisciplinary approach to land use and conservation planning.[41][42]

Courts

The Riverside Superior Court is the state trial court for Riverside County with 14 courthouses: Riverside Historic Courthouse, Riverside Hall of Justice, Riverside Family Law Court, Riverside Juvenile Court, Southwest Justice Center – Murrieta, Moreno Valley Court, Banning Court, Hemet Court, Corona Court, Temecula Court, Larson Justice Center – Indio, Indio Juvenile Court, Palm Springs Court and Blythe Court.[43]

The main courthouse is the Riverside Historic Courthouse. This landmark, erected in 1903, was modeled after the Grand and Petit Palais in Paris, France. The courthouse, designed by Los Angeles architects Burnham and Bliesner, has a classical design – including a great hall that connects all the departments (courtrooms).[44] In 1994, the courthouse was closed for seismic retrofits due to the 1992 Landers and 1994 Northridge earthquakes. The courthouse was reopened and rededicated in September 1998.[45]

Riverside County hands down 1 in 6 death sentences in the US, in spite of it having less than 1% of the population.[46]

Law enforcement

Sheriff

The Riverside County Sheriff provides court protection, jail administration, and coroner services for all of Riverside County. It provides patrol, detective, and other police services for the unincorporated areas of the county plus by contract to the cities and towns of Coachella, Eastvale, Indian Wells, Jurupa Valley, La Quinta, Lake Elsinore, Moreno Valley, Norco, Palm Desert, Perris, Rancho Mirage, San Jacinto, Temecula and Wildomar. The Morongo Indian Reservation also contracts with the Sheriff's Office to provide police services to the reservation.[47]

Municipal Police

Municipal departments within the county are Banning, Beaumont, Blythe, Calimesa, Cathedral City, Corona, Desert Hot Springs, Hemet, Indio, Menifee, Murrieta, Palm Springs, Riverside, Riverside Community College

Riverside County Probation Department https://rivcoprobation.org/

Politics

Voter registration

More information Population and registered voters, Total population ...
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Chart of voter registration

  Democratic (40.49%)
  Republican (31.31%)
  Independent (20.49%)
  Other parties (7.71%)

Overview

Prior to 2008, Riverside County was historically a Republican stronghold in presidential and congressional elections. Between its creation in 1893[51] and 2004, it voted for the Democratic presidential nominee only three times:[52] Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1936 (by a margin of 337 votes, or 0.99%), Lyndon B. Johnson in 1964 (by a margin of 19,363 votes, or 13.65%) and Bill Clinton in 1992 (by a margin of 6,784 votes, or 1.58%). In 1932, it was one of only two counties on the entire West Coast to vote for Republican president Herbert Hoover over Roosevelt.[53]

However, in 2008, consistent with a trend in California and nationwide suburbs towards the Democratic Party,[54] Barack Obama narrowly carried the county with 14,976 votes, a 2.32% margin over Republican John McCain. Mitt Romney lost the county in 2012 in a plurality. Hillary Clinton continued the Democratic win streak in the 2016 election, and became the first and only losing Democratic nominee to win the county. Former Democratic Vice President Joe Biden won the county outright in 2020 with a 79,196 lead over President Donald Trump, the largest ever raw vote margin for a Democrat.

Despite the federal trend towards Democrats, Republicans have continued to win Riverside County at the state level. During the 2018 gubernatorial election, Republican John H. Cox (50.2%) narrowly defeated Democrat Gavin Newsom (49.8%) in the county despite losing in a landslide statewide.[55] During the gubernatorial recall against Newsom held three years later, Riverside County narrowly voted in favor of recalling Newsom despite the recall failing in another landslide.[56]

More information Year, Republican ...

In the United States House of Representatives, Riverside County is split between 6 congressional districts:[58]

In the California State Senate, the county is split between 4 legislative districts:[59]

In the California State Assembly, the county is split between 6 legislative districts:[60]

Riverside County voted 64.8% in favor of Proposition 8 which amended the California Constitution to ban same-sex marriages. Only the city of Palm Springs voted against the measure. [citation needed]

Crime

The following table includes the number of incidents reported and the rate per 1,000 persons for each type of offense.

More information Population and crime rates, Population ...

Cities by population and crime rates

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Education

Universities and colleges

The 161-foot, 48-bell carillon tower at the University of California, Riverside, designed by A. Quincy Jones.

K-12 schools

Public school districts[79]

K-12 unified:

Secondary:

Elementary:

State-operated schools
Bureau of Indian Education-operated schools

Transportation

Major highways

Public transportation

Amtrak trains stop in Riverside and Palm Springs, and Amtrak California provides bus connections to the San Joaquins in Riverside–Downtown, Beaumont, Palm Springs, Thousand Palms, Indio, Moreno Valley, Perris, Sun City, and Hemet.

Metrolink trains serve nine stations in Riverside County: Riverside–Downtown, Riverside–La Sierra, Corona–North Main, Corona–West, Jurupa Valley/Pedley, Riverside–Hunter Park/UCR, Moreno Valley/March Field, Perris–Downtown, and Perris–South.[80] These trains provide service to Orange, San Bernardino and Los Angeles counties seven days a week, with a primarily commuter-oriented schedule.

Airports

Military air bases

Commercial airports

General aviation airports

Military installations

Points of interest

Communities

Cities

More information City, Year incorporated ...

Unincorporated communities

Ghost towns

Indian reservations

Riverside County has 12 federally recognized Indian reservations, which ties it with Sandoval County, New Mexico, for second most of any county in the United States. (Sandoval County, however, has two additional joint-use areas, shared between reservations. San Diego County, California has the most, with 18 reservations.)

Population ranking

The population ranking of the following table is based on the 2020 census of Riverside County.[87]

county seat

More information Rank, City/Town/etc. ...

Climate

More information Climate chart (explanation), Imperial conversion ...

See also

Notes

  1. Other = Some other race + Two or more races
  2. Native American = Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander + American Indian or Alaska Native
  3. Percentage of registered voters with respect to total population. Percentages of party members with respect to registered voters follow.
  4. Population for this city obtained by summing the populations of Glen Avon, Mira Loma, Pedley, Rubidoux and Sunnyslope; see Jurupa Valley
  5. Only larceny-theft cases involving property over $400 in value are reported as property crimes.

References

  1. "Board of Supervisors". County of Riverside, California. Retrieved November 10, 2017.
  2. "San Jacinto Peak". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved February 8, 2015.
  3. "U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: Riverside County, California". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved November 7, 2021.
  4. "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  5. Barragan, Bianca (February 6, 2014). "Why Are People Fleeing Los Angeles For San Bernardino?". La.curbed.com.
  6. Robert E. Lang; Jennifer B. LeFurgy (October 1, 2007). Boomburbs: The Rise of America's Accidental Cities. Brookings Institution Press. pp. 169–. ISBN 978-0-8157-5112-0. OCLC 1005941809.
  7. Downey, Dave (March 8, 2011). "REGION: Riverside County's population jumps by 42 percent in last decade". San Diego Union-Tribune. Retrieved November 4, 2021.
    "2000: Temecula's growth hailed, decried". Press-Enterprise. Riverside. March 8, 2011. Retrieved November 4, 2021.
  8. Capace, Nancy (1999). Encyclopedia of California. North American Book Dist LLC. Page 392. ISBN 9780403093182.
  9. Gunther, pgs 427–429.
  10. Trafzer, Clifford E. (2006). Native Americans of Riverside County. Jeffrey A. Smith. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub. p. 7. ISBN 978-0-7385-4685-8. OCLC 80766874.
  11. "Riverside County History | County of Riverside, CA". rivco.org. October 11, 2019. Retrieved January 6, 2023.
  12. Gunther, Jane Davies (1984). Riverside County, California, Place Names; Their Origins and Their Stories. Riverside, California. pp. 456–461.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  13. Gudde, Erwin G. (1949). California Place Names (1st ed.). Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. p. 305.
  14. Fitch, pages v–viii.
  15. California v. Cabazon Band, 480 U.S. 202 (1987).
  16. "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. Retrieved October 3, 2015.
  17. "Hurkey Creek – Home « Riverside County Regional Park & Open-Space District". Archived from the original on December 23, 2017. Retrieved December 22, 2017.
  18. "Idyllwild Park – Home « Riverside County Regional Park & Open-Space District". Archived from the original on December 23, 2017. Retrieved December 22, 2017.
  19. "Lake Cahuilla Brochure" (PDF). Riverside County Regional Park and Open-Space District. September 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 17, 2017. Retrieved January 11, 2019.
  20. Forstall, Richard L., ed. (March 27, 1995). "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on July 29, 1997. Retrieved October 3, 2015.
  21. "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. April 2, 2001. Retrieved October 3, 2015.
  22. "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved October 3, 2015.
  23. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B02001. U.S. Census website. Retrieved October 26, 2013.
  24. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B03003. U.S. Census website. Retrieved October 26, 2013.
  25. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B19301. U.S. Census website. Retrieved October 21, 2013.
  26. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B19013. U.S. Census website. Retrieved October 21, 2013.
  27. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B19113. U.S. Census website. Retrieved October 21, 2013.
  28. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. U.S. Census website. Retrieved October 21, 2013.
  29. U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B01003. U.S. Census website. Retrieved October 21, 2013.
  30. Fitch, page 1.
  31. Riverside County RCIP General Plan (2003), The Planning Center
  32. Riverside County Integrated Project: An innovative model for integrating land use, transportation and conservation planning (2007), Edward J. Blakely Center for Sustainable Suburban Development
  33. "Locations". Archived from the original on December 21, 2010. Retrieved August 31, 2017.
  34. "Rededication of the Historic Riverside County Courthouse". Archived from the original on March 22, 2007. Retrieved August 31, 2017.
  35. Barford, Vanessa (December 23, 2015). "Why is one county handing down one in six US death sentences?". BBC News. Retrieved December 25, 2015.
  36. Riverside County Sheriff's web site
  37. U.S. Census Bureau. Population Estimates, July 1, 2022. U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved May 15, 2023.
  38. "February 10, 2023 - Report of Registration" (PDF). California Secretary of State. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 18, 2023. Retrieved May 15, 2023.
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  40. Matsumoto, Ryan (January 2, 2021). "Why Democratic gains in the suburbs will outlast Trump". The Hill. Retrieved January 27, 2021.
  41. "Governor - Statewide Results PDF" (PDF). California Secretary of State. Retrieved January 15, 2022.
  42. "Counties by County and by District". California Citizens Redistricting Commission. Archived from the original on September 30, 2013. Retrieved September 24, 2014.
  43. "Communities of Interest - Counties". California Citizens Redistricting Commission. Archived from the original on October 23, 2015. Retrieved September 24, 2014.
  44. "Communities of Interest - Counties". California Citizens Redistricting Commission. Archived from the original on October 23, 2015. Retrieved September 24, 2014.
  45. Office of the Attorney General, Department of Justice, State of California. Table 11: Crimes 2009 Archived December 2, 2013, at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved November 14, 2013.
  46. United States Department of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation. Crime in the United States, 2012, Table 8 (California). Retrieved November 14, 2013.
  47. "Murrieta Regional Campus". Azusa Pacific University. Retrieved September 5, 2021.
  48. "About - Brandman University". Archived from the original on October 13, 2010.
  49. "Palm Desert Campus". Pdc.csusb.edu.
  50. "About College of the Desert". Collegeofthedesert.edu. Archived from the original on December 29, 2011. Retrieved August 31, 2017.
  51. "Mayfield Colleges". Mayfieldcollege.edu.
  52. "Welcome to Mt. San Jacinto College". Msjc.edu. Archived from the original on March 4, 2017. Retrieved October 8, 2010.
  53. "Our Sites". Olivet University. Retrieved May 17, 2022.
  54. "Palo Verde College". Paloverde.edu.
  55. "Riverside Community College District". Archived from the original on September 29, 2010. Retrieved August 31, 2017.
  56. "Why SBBCollege In California?". Sbbcollege.edu. Archived from the original on December 5, 2010. Retrieved October 8, 2010.
  57. "About UCR". Ucr.edu. Archived from the original on February 18, 2017. Retrieved October 8, 2010.
  58. Pages - Project Details. Compassblueprint.org. Retrieved on July 29, 2013.
  59. "Rural Studio is Scientology Headquarters." San Jose Mercury News. August 13, 1991. 6B California News. Retrieved on October 21, 2009.(subscription required)
  60. Kelly, David. "Scientology foes blast new Riverside County law." Los Angeles Times. January 10, 2009. 1. Retrieved on October 21, 2009.
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  63. "Explore Census Data". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved September 18, 2021.
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Bibliography

Further reading


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