Spanish colonial era

Santa Maria was formerly a barrio of the Municipality of Tayug. It was founded on January 10, 1855 as a separate town and was governed by a captain until 1863. In 1864, the town was incorporated into the municipality of Tayug due to its inability to maintain its financial stability.

In 1877 the inhabitants of Santa Maria applied for separation, as a distinct municipality, from the municipality of Tayug. The application was granted and Santa Maria, again became a town under the governance of Captain Eugenio Vinluan.

For many years, during the Spanish Regime, religion was the basis of educating the masses. From time to time missionaries of different orders were sent out to Santa Maria to carry out religious services as required of them. It was during the routine visit of a certain priest from the town of Asingan, which was then the most eastern town of the province of Pangasinan, who had extended his mission farther into the east and came to a village. The village was located on a plain in which the Agno River ran and which with a little effort could be irrigated. The missionary believed that the village could be developed into a prosperous community. Finding the residents to be hospitable, he chatted with them and, in the course of conversation, he thought of giving the place a name. Since it was the Virgin Mary's Day, he called the people of the village to him and with a simple but impressive solemnity proclaimed this place as Santa Maria on this, the Virgin Mary's day.

American invasion era

In 1903, the Americans arrived in Santa Maria and their rule began. In 1901 there was an election for the president of Santa Maria. This was during the United States military government of the islands. The President was given a two years term, due to his good administration.

In 1903, Santa Maria was incorporated again into the town of Tayug for financial reasons, as before, but in 1907 a special election was held for the purpose of returning all small municipalities that had incorporated with bigger towns. Don Alejandro Gonzales was then elected president and served until 1910 when he was succeeded by Don Mariano de Guzman who served to 1912. From this date to the present, the different successions of presidents, alcaldes and mayors had occurred all over the islands.

Contemporary

In the course of time prominent people improved the locality and transferred the town site from Namagbagan, which is now a barrio of the municipality, to its present site near a clay promontory where it formed an impregnable defense against the yearly erosion of the Agno, thus annexing "De Pila" to the original name and making Santa Maria de Pila its final name, a name which is known beyond the confines of the province of Pangasinan.

The town's much progressive due to close proximity to neighboring towns of Rosales and Tayug.

Barangays

Santa Maria is politically subdivided into 23 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios.

Climate

Local government

Santa Maria, belonging to the sixth congressional district of the province of Pangasinan, is governed by a mayor designated as its local chief executive and by a municipal council as its legislative body in accordance with the Local Government Code. The mayor, vice mayor, and the councilors are elected directly by the people through an election which is being held every three years.

Elected officials