Secular_Progressive_Alliance

Secular Progressive Alliance

Indian political alliance

Secular Progressive Alliance formerly known as Democratic Progressive Alliance is an alliance of Indian political parties formed by the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK).

Not to be confused with Secular Proggresive Front (2002-2012), Secular Progressive Front, Secular Democratic Alliance, or Secular Democratic Forces.

Quick Facts Abbreviation, Chairperson ...

Secular Progressive Alliance
Abbreviation	SPA
Chairperson	M. K. Stalin (Tamil Nadu) R. Siva (Puducherry)
Founder	M. Karunanidhi
Founded	April 2006
Ideology	Big tent Factions: Social democracy^[1] Secularism^[2] Communism^[3] Marxism^[4]
Political position	Centre-left to left-wing
Alliance	INDIA (National)
Seats in Lok Sabha	39 / 40
Seats in Rajya Sabha	12 / 19
Seats in State Legislative Assemblies	157 / 234 (Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly) 8 / 33 (Puducherry Legislative Assembly)
Number of states and union territories in government	1 / 31
Politics of India Political parties Elections

History

The alliance was known as the Democratic Progressive Alliance 2006–2009 and 2014–2016. It became the Secular Progressive Alliance in 2019.

More information Duration, Election year ...

Duration	Election year	Allied parties
Democratic Progressive Alliance
2006-2009	2006	DMK, INC, PMK, CPI, CPI(M), IUML
2014-2016	2014^[5]	DMK, VCK, PT, IUML, MMK
Secular Progressive Alliance
2019-Present	2019	DMK, INC, VCK, MDMK, CPI, CPI(M), IUML, MMK, KMDK, TVK ,MNM
	2021
	2024

Members

Tamil Nadu

Main article: 16th Tamil Nadu Assembly

More information Party, Abbr. ...

	Abbr.	Ideology	Seats
Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam	DMK	Dravidianism	132 / 234
Indian National Congress	INC	Social liberalism	17 / 234
Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi	VCK	Anti-casteism and Anti-classism	4 / 234
Communist Party of India (Marxist)	CPIM	Marxism-Leninism	2 / 234
Communist Party of India	CPI	Marxism–Leninism	2 / 234
Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam	MDMK	Dravidianism	No Seats
Kongunadu Makkal Desia Katchi	KMDK	Indigenism	1 / 234 ^{[lower-alpha 1]}
Manithaneya Makkal Katchi	MMK	Social democracy	2 / 234 ^{[lower-alpha 2]}
Makkal Needhi Maiam	MNM	Social Equality	No Seats
Indian Union Muslim League	IUML	Social Conservatism	No Seats
Aam Aadmi Party	AAP	Populism and Secularism	No Seats
Tamizhaga Vazhvurimai Katchi	TVK	Populism	1 / 234 ^{[lower-alpha 3]}
Moovendar Munnetra Kazhagam	MMK		No Seats
Tamil Nadu Peasants and Workers Party	TNPWP		No Seats
Manithaneya Jananayaga Katchi	MJK	Social democracy	No Seats
Makkal Viduthalai Katchi	MVK		No Seats
Aathi Tamizhar Peravai	ATP	Ambedkarism	No Seats
Samathuva Makkal Kazhagam	SMK		No Seats
Mukkulathor Pulipadai	MP		No Seats

Puducherry

Main article: 15th Puducherry Assembly

More information Party, Abbr. ...

	Abbr.	Ideology	Seats
Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam	DMK	Dravidianism	6 / 30
Indian National Congress	INC	Social liberalism	2 / 30
Communist Party of India (Marxist)	CPIM	Marxism-Leninism	No Seats
Communist Party of India	CPI	Marxism–Leninism	No Seats

Withdrawals

More information Political Party, State ...

	State	Date	Reason for Withdrawal
Puratchi Bharatham Katchi	Tamil Nadu	2011	Seat Share problem in 2011 Tamil Nadu Assembly election
Pattali Makkal Katchi	Tamil Nadu	2014	Allied with NDA
Social Democratic Party of India	Tamil Nadu	2015	Declared to Withdraw from DMK
Kongunadu Munnetra Kazhagam	Tamil Nadu	2019	Allied with AIADMK
Puthiya Tamilagam	Tamil Nadu	2019	Allied with ADMK
Perunthalaivar Makkal Katchi	Tamil Nadu	2019	Allied with AIADMK
Indhiya Jananayaga Katchi	Tamil Nadu	2021	Allied with Makkal Needhi Maiyam
All India Forward Bloc	Tamil Nadu	2024	Allied with AIADMK
Indian National League	Tamil Nadu	2024	Allied with AIADMK

The Left parties defected to the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK)-led front in 2009 after it withdrew support to the Congress-led United Progressive Alliance coalition in the Centre.

The Pattali Makkal Katchi withdrew support in 2008 over differences with the DMK but it still remained in the Congress-led UPA in the Centre. But after differences of seat sharing before the 15th Lok Sabha, it withdrew support to the UPA also and crossed over to the AIADMK-led front.

The Manithaneya Makkal Katchi was formed in 2009 by the Tamil Nadu Muslim Munnetra Kazagham and immediately joined the DPA. But before the Lok Sabha elections, its demand for two Lok Sabha seats and one Rajya Sabha seat was turned down by the DMK who offered them a lone Lok Sabha seat. The MMK withdrew from the DPA and as of now tied up with small parties like actor Sarath Kumar-led Akila Indiya Samathuva Makkal Katchi, the Puthiya Tamilzhagam and the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP).

Governments

Fifth Karunanidhi ministry (2006 - 2011)
Narayanasamy ministry (2016 - 2021)
M. K. Stalin ministry (2021- incumbent)

Notes

But considered as DMK MLA
But considered as DMK MLA
But considered as DMK MLA

References

[1]
"Dravida Munnetra Kazgham (DMK)". Business Standard India. Retrieved 10 August 2019.
[2]
Soper, J. Christopher; Fetzer, Joel S. (2018). Religion and Nationalism in Global Perspective. Cambridge University Press. pp. 200–210. ISBN 978-1-107-18943-0.
[3]
Chakrabarty, Bidyut (2014). Communism in India: Events, Processes and Ideologies. Oxford University Press. p. 314. ISBN 978-0-199-97489-4.
[4]
"Party constitution". India: All India Forward Bloc. 2017. Retrieved 22 April 2017.
[5]
"DMK-led Democratic Progressive Alliance to mobilise people under 'secular front'". The Economic Times. 5 March 2014. Retrieved 8 May 2021.

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