The Shire of Alexandra was a local government area located about 130 kilometres (81 mi) northeast of Melbourne, the state capital of Victoria, Australia. The shire covered an area of 2,197.31 square kilometres (848.4 sq mi), and existed from 1868 until 1994.

Alexandra was first incorporated as a road district on 30 June 1868, and became a shire on 3 September 1869. Its boundaries changed a number of times throughout its existence:^[2]

• 20 May 1914 - annexed part of the North Riding of the Shire of Yea;
• 1 October 1963 - part of the shire annexed to the Shire of Euroa;
• 1 October 1963 - annexed part of the Shire of Healesville, around Buxton;
• 1 October 1984 - annexed the East Riding of the Shire of Healesville, around Marysville;

On 18 November 1994, the Shire of Alexandra was abolished, and along with the Shire of Yea and parts of the City of Whittlesea and the Shires of Broadford, Eltham, Euroa and Healesville, was merged into the newly created Shire of Murrindindi.^[3]

The Shire of Alexandra was divided into three ridings on 3 August 1985, each of which elected three councillors. Prior to this, it was divided into five ridings in May 1957.

• Central Riding
• North East Riding
• South Riding

• Acheron
• Alexandra*
• Buxton (transferred from the Shire of Healesville in 1963)
• Cathkin
• Eildon
• Fawcett
• Gobur
• Kanumbra
• Koriella
• Marysville (transferred from the Shire of Healesville in 1984)
• Narbethong (transferred from the Shire of Healesville in 1984)
• Rubicon
• St Filians
• Snobs Creek
• Taggerty
• Thornton
• Yarck

* Council seat.

* Estimate in the 1958 Victorian Year Book.