Shivajirao Patil Nilangekar (9 February 1931 – 5 August 2020) was a leader of Indian National Congress party who served as chief minister of Maharashtra.

He was chief minister from June 1985 to March 1986. His rule was the briefest of all chief ministers (apart from caretaker chief minister P K Sawant).^[1] He resigned after the Bombay High Court passed strictures against him regarding fraud in the MD examinations to help his daughter and her friend.^[2][3]

His daughter-in-law, Rupatai Patil Nilangekar, represented Latur (Lok Sabha constituency) for BJP from 2004 to 2009.

Nilangekar established the Maharashtra Education Trust in 1968. Under the aegis of his education society around four senior colleges, twelve higher secondary schools and fifteen primary schools were established. Maharashtra Pharmacy College, Nilanga, was established in 1984. The Maharashtra Poly. (D.Pharmacy) Institute, Nilanga which was government aided, started in 1981 and was followed by the Maharashtra College of Engineering in 1983. His interests included reading, classical music, volleyball and table tennis. He was born in Nilanga, his home town.

Shivajirao died on 5 August 2020, at the age of 89 due to COVID-19 related complications during the COVID-19 pandemic in India.^[4]