In game theory, a symmetric equilibrium is an equilibrium where all players use the same strategy (possibly mixed) in the equilibrium. In the Prisoner's Dilemma game pictured to the right, the only Nash equilibrium is (D, D). Since both players use the same strategy, the equilibrium is symmetric.

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Symmetric equilibria have important properties. Only symmetric equilibria can be evolutionarily stable states in single population models.^[1]

• Symmetric game