Synura
Synura
Genus of heterokont algae
Synura is a genus of colonial chrysomonad algae covered in silica scales.[2] It is the most conspicuous genus of the order Synurales.[3]
| Synura | |
|---|---|
| A colony of Synura sp. | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Clade: | Diaphoretickes |
| Clade: | SAR |
| Clade: | Stramenopiles |
| Phylum: | Gyrista |
| Subphylum: | Ochrophytina |
| Class: | Chrysophyceae |
| Order: | Synurales |
| Family: | Synuraceae |
| Genus: | Synura Ehrenberg 1834 |
| Species | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
| |
Species of Synura form microscopic, spherical colonies, composed of multiple cells attached to each other at the center of the colony. Synura cells are variously shaped, typically spherical to pear-shaped or club-shaped. Each cell contains two plastids aligned with the long axis of the cell; they impart a distinctive golden color to the cells, which come from chlorophyll c1 and fucoxanthin. Cells are covered in scales made of silica. Two flagella are present.[4]
Identification of species depends on the morphology of the scales. For many species, a positive identification is only possible with an electron microscope, either with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) or transmission electron microscopy (TEM).[4]
The present taxonomy recognizes five sections:[2][3]
- Section Peterseniae
- S. americana
- S. australiensis
- S. borealis
- S. conopea
- S. glabra
- S. heteropora
- S. hibernica
- S. laticarina
- S. longisquama
- S. macracantha
- S. macropora
- S. petersenii
- Section Spinosae
- S. curtispina
- S. mollispina
- S. nygaardii
- S. sphagnicola
- S. spinosa
- Section Echinulatae
- S. biseriata
- S. echinulata
- S. leptorrhabda
- S. mammillosa
- S. multidentata
- Section Splendidae
- S. splendida
- Section Uvellae
- S. uvella
- Pusztai, Martin; Čertnerová, Dora; Škaloudová, Magda; Škaloud, Pavel (2016). "Elucidating the Phylogeny and Taxonomic Position of the genus Chrysodidymus Prowse (Chrysophyceae, Synurales)". Cryptogamie, Algologie. 37 (4): 297–307. doi:10.7872/crya/v37.iss4.2016.297. S2CID 51739744.
- Škaloud, Pavel; Kristiansen, Jørgen; Škaloudová, Magda (July 2013). "Developments in the taxonomy of silica-scaled chrysophytes – from morphological and ultrastructural to molecular approaches". Nordic Journal of Botany. 31 (4) (published August 2013): 385–402. doi:10.1111/j.1756-1051.2013.00119.x.
- Škaloud P, Škaloudová M, Procházková A, Němcová Y (2014). "Morphological delineation and distribution patterns of four newly described species within the Synura petersenii species complex (Chrysophyceae, Stramenopiles)". European Journal of Phycology. 49 (2): 213–229. Bibcode:2014EJPhy..49..213S. doi:10.1080/09670262.2014.905710. S2CID 51749551.
- Siver, Peter A. (2014). "Chapter 14. Synurophyte Algae". In Wehr, John D.; Sheath, Robert G.; Kociolek, J. Patrick (eds.). Freshwater Algae of North America: Ecology and Classification (2 ed.). Elsevier Inc. ISBN 978-0-12-385876-4.
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