Thirteen_Heavens

Thirteen Heavens

Thirteen Heavens

Place in the Nahua people's cosmology

The Nahua people such as the Aztecs, Chichimecs and the Toltecs believed that the heavens were constructed and separated into 13 levels, usually called Topan or simply each one Ilhuicatl iohhui, Ilhuicatl iohtlatoquiliz. Each level had from one to many Lords (gods) living in and ruling them.

Aztec mythology

Main article: Aztec mythology

In Aztec mythology, the Thirteen Heavens were formed out of Cipactli's head when the gods made creation out of its body, whereas Tlaltícpac, the earth, was made from its center and the nine levels of the underworld (Mictlan) from its tail.[1]

The most important of these heavens was Omeyocan (Place of Two), where Ometeotl - the dual Lord/Lady, creator of the Dual-Genesis who, as male, takes the name Ometecuhtli (Two Lord), and as female is named Omecihuatl (Two Lady) —resided.

  • Tlahuiztlampa, East hemisphere with its respective trees, temples, patron deities and divinatory signs.
    Tlahuiztlampa, East hemisphere with its respective trees, temples, patron deities and divinatory signs.
  • Mictlampa, North hemisphere with its respective trees, temples, patron deities and divinatory signs.
    Mictlampa, North hemisphere with its respective trees, temples, patron deities and divinatory signs.
  • Cihuatlampa, West hemisphere with its respective trees, temples, patron deities and divinatory signs.
    Cihuatlampa, West hemisphere with its respective trees, temples, patron deities and divinatory signs.
  • Huitztlampa, South hemisphere with its respective trees, temples, patron deities and divinatory signs.
    Huitztlampa, South hemisphere with its respective trees, temples, patron deities and divinatory signs.
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See also

Citations

  1. [1]
    Adela Fernández (1 January 1992). Dioses prehispánicos de México: mitos y deidades del panteón náhuatl. Panorama Editorial. pp. 30, 33, 34. ISBN 978-968-38-0306-1.

General and cited references

Cecilio Agustín Robelo (1905). Diccionario de Mitología Nahua (in Spanish). México: Biblioteca Porrúa. Imprenta del Museo Nacional de Arqueología, Historia y Etnología. p. 851. ISBN 978-9684327955.
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