Early years

Leibold played for VfB Stuttgart until he was 12 years old. During his youth career, he played for TSF Ditzingen and SGV Freiberg where he also played for the adult team in the Oberliga Baden-Württemberg. In the 2012–13 season he played 33 matches and scored 5 goals. One year later he changed teams again and went back to VfB Stuttgart II, where he played for the second team in the 3.Liga.

On 20 July 2013, Leibold played his first match for VfB Stuttgart II^[1] as a professional in 2013–14 season against Borussia Dortmund II.

1. FC Nürnberg

For the 2015–16 season Leibold moved to 1. FC Nürnberg^[2] in the 2.Bundesliga. On 6 May 2018 he scored as Nurnberg won 2–0 against SV Sandhausen to clinch promotion to the Bundesliga.^[3]

Hamburger SV

For the 2019–20 season Leibold moved to Hamburger SV, where he signed a four-year contract.^[4] Under head coach Dieter Hecking, Leibold was an undisputed starter and did not miss a single minute of the playing time during the season. In addition to scoring one goal, he made the most assists of the season with 16 assists.^[5] In particular, he convinced with good performances in the first half of the season, after which he was rated by the German sports magazine kicker behind Moritz Heyer of VfL Osnabrück as the second best defender in the league.^[6] In the second half of the season, Leibold's performance and that of the entire team, which had been on pace for a direct promotion place after the first half of the season, decreased. At the end of the season, HSV missed promotion to the Bundesliga in 4th place for a second season in a row. Leibold made it into the kicker team of the season.^[7] The player himself took on responsibility with the words "We screwed it up ourselves, that's why we don't complain that we didn't get promoted" and named several late draws and defeats as a reason for the failure. According to Leibold, the team was "simply too immature in the end," the "knockouts" meant that by the end of the season "their heads were empty, their legs too heavy".^[8]

For the 2020–21 season, Leibold was appointed team captain by the new head coach Daniel Thioune, thereby succeeding Aaron Hunt.^[9]

He would be relegated to vice-captain by Tim Walter after Sebastian Schonlau would be appointed team captain right after leaving SC Paderborn 07.^[10]

Sporting Kansas City

On 12 January 2023, it was announced Leibold had signed with MLS side Sporting Kansas City on a three-year deal.^[11][12] Leibold made his debut on 28 February 2023 in a match against Portland Timbers where he was substituted on for the last 17 minutes of the match. Sporting KC lost the match 1–0. Leibold made his first start on 12 March 2023 in a goalless draw at home to LA Galaxy.