Major highways

• West Virginia Route 15
• West Virginia Route 20
• West Virginia Route 82

Adjacent counties

• Lewis County (north)
• Upshur County (north)
• Randolph County (east)
• Pocahontas County (southeast)
• Greenbrier County (south)
• Nicholas County (southwest)
• Braxton County (west)

National protected area

• Monongahela National Forest (part)

Streams

• Cougar Fork

2000 census

As of the census of 2000, there were 9,719 people, 4,010 households, and 2,815 families living in the county. The population density was 18 people per square mile (6.9 people/km²). There were 5,273 housing units at an average density of 10 units per square mile (3.9 units/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 99.18% White, 0.01% Black or African American, 0.07% Native American, 0.06% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 0.01% from other races, and 0.66% from two or more races. 0.37% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 4,010 households, out of which 29.80% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.40% were married couples living together, 10.60% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.80% were non-families. 26.50% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.40% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.41 and the average family size was 2.89.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 23.00% under the age of 18, 8.00% from 18 to 24, 26.70% from 25 to 44, 27.10% from 45 to 64, and 15.20% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females there were 96.90 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.30 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $21,055, and the median income for a family was $25,049. Males had a median income of $25,362 versus $15,381 for females. The per capita income for the county was $12,284. About 26.60% of families and 31.80% of the population were below the poverty line, including 45.40% of those under age 18 and 21.00% of those age 65 or over.

2010 census

As of the 2010 United States census, there were 9,154 people, 3,792 households, and 2,595 families living in the county.^[14] The population density was 16.5 inhabitants per square mile (6.4/km²). There were 5,428 housing units at an average density of 9.8 units per square mile (3.8 units/km²).^[15] The racial makeup of the county was 98.6% white, 0.2% black or African American, 0.1% Asian, 0.1% American Indian, 0.1% from other races, and 1.0% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 0.5% of the population.^[14] In terms of ancestry, 19.8% were American, 15.7% were Irish, 12.6% were German, and 8.9% were English.^[16]

Of the 3,792 households, 30.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.8% were married couples living together, 11.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 31.6% were non-families, and 26.5% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.40 and the average family size was 2.88. The median age was 44.1 years.^[14]

The median income for a household in the county was $28,025 and the median income for a family was $35,448. Males had a median income of $44,277 versus $19,292 for females. The per capita income for the county was $17,268. About 19.9% of families and 22.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 26.4% of those under age 18 and 12.1% of those age 65 or over.^[17]

Towns

• Camden-on-Gauley
• Cowen
• Webster Springs (county seat; legally Town of Addison)

Magisterial districts

Census-designated places

• Bergoo
• Parcoal

Unincorporated communities