William Rougham (died 1393) was the second master of Gonville Hall, Cambridge (later Gonville and Caius College) from c. 1360. He had been a fellow of the college since the 1350s and was Bachelor of Medicine by 1366. He was also a priest with livings in the Diocese of Norwich and was a personal physician to Henry le Despenser, Bishop of Norwich.^[2]

In Susanna Gregory's 2004 book The Hand of Justice, which is set in 1350s Cambridge, there is a physician character known as "William Rougham of Gonville Hall".

Rougham's biggest contribution to the college was the completion of the chapel in 1353^[3] which stood as he had left it for 250 years. The east window and one of the side windows contained, according to John Caius, an inscription reading:^[1]