The 2013 Philippine House of Representatives elections were the 33rd lower house elections in the Philippines. They were held on May 13, 2013 to elect members to the House of Representatives of the Philippines that would serve in the 16th Congress of the Philippines from June 30, 2013 to June 30, 2016.

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2013 Philippine House of Representatives elections

← 2010 May 13, 2013 (2013-05-13) 2016 →

All 293 seats to the House of Representatives of the Philippines 147 seats needed for a majority

Congressional district elections

Party % Seats +/– Liberal 37.56 109 +62 NPC 17.08 42 +13 UNA 11.17 8 +8 NUP 8.55 24 +24 Nacionalista 8.41 18 −7 Lakas 5.24 14 −92 Bukidnon Paglaum 0.36 1 +1 Kambilan 0.34 1 +1 KABAKA 0.34 1 0 Unang Sigaw 0.34 1 +1 KBL 0.34 1 0 UNEGA 0.33 1 +1 LDP 0.32 2 0 Kusug Agusanon 0.25 1 +1 CDP 0.24 1 +1 PPPL 0.20 1 +1 Akbayan 0.12 1 +1 Magdiwang 0.08 1 0 Independent 5.92 6 −1 This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.

Party-list election

Party % Seats +/– Buhay 4.59 3 +1 A TEACHER 3.77 2 0 Bayan Muna 3.45 2 0 1-CARE 3.38 2 0 Akbayan 2.99 2 0 Abono 2.77 2 0 Ako Bikol 2.76 2 −1 OFW Family Club 2.72 2 +2 Gabriela 2.58 2 0 Senior Citizens 2.45 2 0 Coop-NATCCO 2.32 2 0 AGAP 2.14 2 +1 CIBAC 2.11 2 0 Magdalo 2.05 2 +2 An Waray 1.95 2 0 Abante Mindanao 1.68 1 0 ACT Teachers 1.64 1 0 Butil 1.59 1 0 Anak Mindanao 1.38 1 +1 ACT-CIS 1.36 1 +1 Kalinga 1.34 1 0 LPGMA 1.34 1 0 TUCP 1.33 1 0 YACAP 1.32 1 0 Agri-Agra 1.32 1 +1 Angkla 1.30 1 +1 ABS 1.30 1 0 DIWA 1.23 1 0 Kabataan 1.23 1 0 Anakpawis 1.16 1 0 Alay Buhay 1.15 1 0 AAMBIS-Owa 1.13 1 0 SAGIP 1.04 1 +1 AVE 0.98 1 0 Ating Koop 0.97 1 0 Abang Lingkod 0.94 1 +1 1BAP 0.89 1 +1 Abakada Guro 0.88 1 +1 Ang Mata'y Alagaan 0.88 1 +1 Ang Nars 0.88 1 +1 ANAC IP 0.87 1 +1 Agbiag 0.87 1 0 APPEND 0.85 1 +1 This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below. District election results; results for Metro Manila is magnified at the top right. Speaker before Speaker after Feliciano Belmonte Jr. Liberal Feliciano Belmonte Jr. Liberal

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The Philippines uses parallel voting for the House of Representatives: first past the post on 234 single member districts, and via closed party lists on a 2% election threshold computed via a modified Hare quota (3-seat cap and no remainders) on 58 seats, with parties with less than 1% of the first preference vote winning one seat each if 20% of the party-list seats are not filled up. Major parties are not allowed to participate in the party-list election.

While the concurrent Senate election features the two major coalitions in Team PNoy and the United Nationalist Alliance (UNA), the constituent parties of the coalitions contested the lower house election separately, and in some districts, candidates from the same coalition in the Senate are contesting a single seat. Campaigns for the House of Representatives are done on a district-by-district basis; there is no national campaign conducted by the parties. No matter the election result, the party of the president usually controls the House of Representatives, via a grand coalition of almost all parties. Only the ruling Liberal Party can win a majority, as it is the only party to put up candidates in a majority of seats.

After release of preliminary results, the Liberal Party emerged as the largest party in the chamber. Its coalition partners also held most of their seats. Incumbent Speaker Feliciano Belmonte, Jr. was easily reelected as the Speaker of the 16th Congress.

The election for seats in the House of Representatives is done via parallel voting. A voter has two votes: one for one's local district, and another via the party-list system. A candidate is not allowed to stand for both ballots, and parties participating in the district elections would have to ask for permission on the Commission on Elections, with major parties not allowed to participate in the party-list election.

Reapportioning (redistricting) the number of seats is either via national reapportionment after the release of every census, or via piecemeal redistricting for every province or city. National reapportionment has not happened since the 1987 constitution took effect, and aside from piecemeal redistricting, the apportionment was based on the ordinance from the constitution, which was in turn based from the 1980 census.

These are the following laws pertaining to redistricting that were passed by Congress. While a locality that has a minimum of 250,000 people is constitutionally entitled to one district representative, Congress should enact a law in order for it to take effect. The creation of new districts may be politically motivated, in order to prevent political allies (or even opponents) from contesting one seat.

Bukidnon, Cotabato, Palawan and Quezon City received additional representatives in the upcoming Congress.

The number of new legislative districts may also increase the seats allocated for party-list representatives: for every five new legislative districts, one seat for a party-list representative is also created.

These are seats where the winning margin was 3% or less, politicians may choose to run under a different political party as compared to 2010. This excludes districts where the nearest losing candidate or that candidate's party is not contesting the election, or districts that were redistricted.

These are the incumbents who are not running for a seat in the House of Representatives, and are not term limited:

*Kaka Bag-ao is a party–list representative for Akbayan who ran in Dinagat Islands district under the Liberal Party and won.

Preliminary results states that President Aquino's allies winning an overwhelming majority of seats in the House of Representatives. This makes Aquino the only president enjoy majorities in both houses of Congress since the People Power Revolution of 1986. This is seen as an endorsement of the voters of Aquino's reformist agenda; although several key wins elsewhere by the United Nationalist Alliance and its allies would mean that Aquino's chosen successor may face a significant challenge in the 2016 presidential election.^[10]

Speaker Feliciano Belmonte, Jr. is seen to keep his speakership position with the Liberals winning at least 100 out of the 234 district seats. Majority Leader Neptali Gonzales II said that a great majority of incumbents are poised to successfully defend their seats, and that the Liberal Party are to be the single largest party in the lower house. The Nacionalista Party has at least 15 winning representatives, "a substantial number" of the 40 incumbents Nationalist People's Coalition are to hold their seats, and the 34-member National Unity Party House leader Rodolfo Antonino expects Belmonte to be reelected as speaker. The United Nationalist Alliance won three seats in Metro Manila, and at least 2 more seats outside the metropolis.^[11]