ACTL6A
ACTL6A
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Actin-like protein 6A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ACTL6A gene.[5][6][7]
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This gene encodes a family member of actin-related proteins (ARPs), which share significant amino acid sequence identity to conventional actins. Both actins and ARPs have an actin fold, which is an ATP-binding cleft, as a common feature. The ARPs are involved in diverse cellular processes, including vesicular transport, spindle orientation, nuclear migration and chromatin remodeling. This gene encodes a 53 kDa subunit protein of the BAF (BRG1/brm-associated factor) complex in mammals, which is functionally related to SWI/SNF complex in S. cerevisiae and Drosophila; the latter is thought to facilitate transcriptional activation of specific genes by antagonizing chromatin-mediated transcriptional repression. Together with beta-actin, it is required for maximal ATPase activity of BRG1, and for the association of the BAF complex with chromatin/matrix. Three transcript variants that encode two different protein isoforms have been described.[7]
ACTL6A is amplified in head and squamous cancers and confers poor prognosis in patients. This is also the first report of amplification of an epigenetic factor by Saladi SV.[8] In hepatocellular carcinomas, it promotes metastasis.[9]
ACTL6A has been shown to interact with SMARCA2,[10][11][12] Myc,[11] Transformation/transcription domain-associated protein,[11] RuvB-like 1[11] and SMARCA4.[5][10]
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- Saladi SV, Ross K, Karaayvaz M, Tata PR, Mou H, Rajagopal J, Ramaswamy S, Ellisen LW (2017). "ACTL6A Is Co-Amplified with p63 in Squamous Cell Carcinoma to Drive YAP Activation, Regenerative Proliferation, and Poor Prognosis". Cancer Cell. 31 (1): 35–49. doi:10.1016/j.ccell.2016.12.001. PMC 5225026. PMID 28041841.
- Xiao S, Chang RM, Yang MY, Lei X, Liu X, Gao WB, Xiao JL, Yang LY (2016). "Actin-like 6A predicts poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma and promotes metastasis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition". Hepatology. 63 (4): 1256–71. doi:10.1002/hep.28417. PMC 4834727. PMID 26698646.
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- Park J, Wood MA, Cole MD (March 2002). "BAF53 forms distinct nuclear complexes and functions as a critical c-Myc-interacting nuclear cofactor for oncogenic transformation". Mol. Cell. Biol. 22 (5): 1307–16. doi:10.1128/MCB.22.5.1307-1316.2002. PMC 134713. PMID 11839798.
- Kuroda Y, Oma Y, Nishimori K, Ohta T, Harata M (November 2002). "Brain-specific expression of the nuclear actin-related protein ArpNalpha and its involvement in mammalian SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 299 (2): 328–34. doi:10.1016/S0006-291X(02)02637-2. PMID 12437990.
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- Xue Y, Canman JC, Lee CS, Nie Z, Yang D, Moreno GT, Young MK, Salmon ED, Wang W (2001). "The human SWI/SNF-B chromatin-remodeling complex is related to yeast rsc and localizes at kinetochores of mitotic chromosomes". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97 (24): 13015–20. Bibcode:2000PNAS...9713015X. doi:10.1073/pnas.240208597. PMC 27170. PMID 11078522.
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- Kato H, Tjernberg A, Zhang W, Krutchinsky AN, An W, Takeuchi T, Ohtsuki Y, Sugano S, de Bruijn DR, Chait BT, Roeder RG (2002). "SYT associates with human SNF/SWI complexes and the C-terminal region of its fusion partner SSX1 targets histones". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (7): 5498–505. doi:10.1074/jbc.M108702200. hdl:2066/170683. PMID 11734557.
- Park J, Wood MA, Cole MD (2002). "BAF53 forms distinct nuclear complexes and functions as a critical c-Myc-interacting nuclear cofactor for oncogenic transformation". Mol. Cell. Biol. 22 (5): 1307–16. doi:10.1128/MCB.22.5.1307-1316.2002. PMC 134713. PMID 11839798.
- Ohfuchi E, Nishimori K, Harata M (2003). "Alternative splicing products of the gene for a human nuclear actin-related protein, hArpNbeta/Baf53, that encode a protein isoform, hArpNbetaS, in the cytoplasm". Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 66 (8): 1740–3. doi:10.1271/bbb.66.1740. PMID 12353638. S2CID 35246242.
- Kuroda Y, Oma Y, Nishimori K, Ohta T, Harata M (2003). "Brain-specific expression of the nuclear actin-related protein ArpNalpha and its involvement in mammalian SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 299 (2): 328–34. doi:10.1016/S0006-291X(02)02637-2. PMID 12437990.