Kaki_Ae_language
Kaki Ae language
Language isolate of Papua New Guinea
Kaki Ae, or Tate, is a language with about 500 speakers, half the ethnic population, near Kerema, in Papua New Guinea. It was previously known by the foreign designation Raeta Tati.
| Kaki Ae | |
|---|---|
| Tate | |
| Region | New Guinea |
| Ethnicity | 660 ethnic population (2015)[1] |
Native speakers | 630 (2015)[1] |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | tbd |
| Glottolog | kaki1249 |
| ELP | Kaki Ae |
Kaki Ae is classified as Vulnerable by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger | |
Download coordinates as:
Kaki Ae has been proposed to be related to the Eleman languages, but the connections appear to be loans.[2] Søren Wichmann (2013)[3] tentatively considers it to be a separate, independent group. Pawley and Hammarström (2018) treat Kaki Ae as a language isolate due to low cognacy rates with Eleman, and consider the few similarities shared with Eleman to be due to borrowed loanwords.[4]
Kaki Ae is spoken in Auri, Kupiano, Kupla (7.990545°S 145.790882°E / -7.990545; 145.790882 (Kupola Settlement)), Lou (8.015988°S 145.813268°E / -8.015988; 145.813268 (Lou)), Ovorio (7.987255°S 145.809446°E / -7.987255; 145.809446 (Ovorio)), and Uriri (7.978345°S 145.794638°E / -7.978345; 145.794638 (Uriri)) villages in Central Kerema Rural LLG, Gulf Province.[1][5]
The Kaki Ae pronouns are:
| sg | pl | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | nao | nu'u |
| 2 | ao | ofe |
| 3 | era | era-he |
| Labial | Alveolar | Velar | Glottal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | p | k | ʔ | |
| Nasal | m | n | ||
| Fricative | f v | s | h | |
| Approximant | w | l |
Kaki Ae has no distinction between /t/ and /k/. (The forms kaki and tate of the name both derive from the rather pejorative Toaripi name for the people, Tati.)
The following basic vocabulary words are from Brown (1973),[7] as cited in the Trans-New Guinea database:[8]
| gloss | Kaki Ae |
|---|---|
| head | aro |
| hair | uʔumo |
| ear | oʔi |
| eye | ere |
| nose | noʔi |
| tooth | huʔu |
| tongue | anara |
| leg | fera |
| louse | saruta |
| dog | evera |
| bird | mini |
| egg | mini umu |
| blood | ivare |
| bone | uki |
| breast | ame |
| tree | oproro |
| man | aru |
| woman | aʔu |
| sun | lare |
| moon | fuiya |
| water | haime |
| fire | aiyeʔi |
| stone | ere |
| name | iru |
| eat | muake |
| one | okiao |
| two | uʔungka |
- Clifton, John M. 1995. A grammar sketch of the Kaki Ae language. In: Albert J. Bickfield (ed.), Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session, 33–80. Grand Forks, North Dakota: SIL.
- Kaki Ae at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022)
- Wichmann, Søren. 2013. A classification of Papuan languages. In: Hammarström, Harald and Wilco van den Heuvel (eds.), History, contact and classification of Papuan languages (Language and Linguistics in Melanesia, Special Issue 2012), 313-386. Port Moresby: Linguistic Society of Papua New Guinea.
- Pawley, Andrew; Hammarström, Harald (2018). "The Trans New Guinea family". In Palmer, Bill (ed.). The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area: A Comprehensive Guide. The World of Linguistics. Vol. 4. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 21–196. ISBN 978-3-11-028642-7.
- United Nations in Papua New Guinea (2018). "Papua New Guinea Village Coordinates Lookup". Humanitarian Data Exchange. 1.31.9.
- Clifton, John M. (1997). "The Kaki Ae language" (PDF). Pacific Linguistics (D-89). Wurm, S. A. (editor): 3–66. doi:10.15144/PL-D89.3.
- Brown, H.A. (Ed.) (2015). "Chapter 8: The Eleman Language Family". doi:10.15144/PL-C26.279.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - Greenhill, Simon (2016). "TransNewGuinea.org - database of the languages of New Guinea". Retrieved 2020-11-05.
