In 2021, the Premier of Western Australia announced his intention to ban conversion therapy by healthcare practitioners.^[9][10] In 2023, the government of Tasmania announced its intention to ban conversion therapy.

Nationwide ban: Conversion therapy is illegal for both adults and minors under the Criminal Code. The ban took effect on 7 January 2022, 30 days after Bill C-4 received royal assent.^[22] Prior to the federal prohibition, it was banned in the province of Manitoba (since 2015),^[23][24] for minors in Ontario (since 2015),^[25] for minors (though allowed for "mature minors" between the ages of 16 and 18 if they consent) in Nova Scotia (since 2018),^[26][27] for minors in Prince Edward Island (since 2020),^[28] in Quebec (since 2020),^[29] the territory of Yukon (since 2020),^[30] and numerous municipalities including Vancouver (since 2018),^[31] Edmonton (since 2019),^[32] and Calgary (since 2020).^[33]

On 23 September 2020. Bill C-6 was introduced by the government in the House of Commons, it would have prohibited performing conversion therapy on a child, forcing someone to undergo conversion therapy against their will, advertising or materially benefiting from conversion therapy, and removing a child from Canada to perform conversion therapy.^[34] On 22 June 2021, it passed the lower house (263 to 63), and was sent to the Senate.^[35] However the Senate failed to pass the bill after some senators objected to the government's request to recall the chamber from its summer recess, so that the bill may have been considered before Parliament was dissolved for an expected snap election.^[36] The election was called on 15 August and the bill died on the order paper.^[37]

On 29 November, the re-elected government introduced a new version of the bill (C-4) for the 44th Parliament, which broadened the ban's coverage to include adults, and identified it as one of its priority bills it hoped to pass before the end of the year.^[38] The bill passed the House of Commons on 1 December without a recorded vote after all parties unanimously agreed to expedite it, and likewise passed the Senate on 7 December.^[39][40] The bill received royal assent on 8 December 2021, and came into effect on 7 January 2022.^[22]

Criminal ban proposed: Proposed criminal ban was approved by the Chilean Senate in 2021. The bill is currently being discussed in the Chamber of Deputies.^[42]

Diagnosis by medical professionals banned: Law 21.331 on the Recognition and Protection of the Rights of People in Mental Health Care, enacted on 23 April 2021, states in its article 7: "The diagnosis of the state of mental health must be established as dictated by the clinical technique, considering biopsychosocial variables. It cannot be based on criteria related to the political, socioeconomic, cultural, racial or religious group of the person, nor to the identity or sexual orientation of the person, among others."^[43][44][45]

In February 2016, the Chilean Ministry of Health expressed their opposition to conversion therapy. The statement said: "We consider that practices known as conversion therapies represent a grave threat to health and well-being, including the life, of the people who are affected."^[46]

In January 2012, the Ecuadorian Government raided three conversion therapy clinics in Quito, rescued dozens of women who were abused and tortured in an effort to "cure their homosexuality", and promised to shut down every such clinic in the country.^[56] This action was the result of a 10-year campaign by Fundación Causana, an Ecuadorian activist group, which called attention to more than 200 illegal "ex-gay clinics" that were targeting lesbians and operating under the guise of being drug rehabilitation centers.^[57][58][59]

In February 2019, German Health Minister Jens Spahn said he will seek to ban conversion therapies that claim to change sexual orientation.^[66]

The government banned conversion therapy for all minors in December 2019. Adult conversion therapy is only deemed illegal if consent was given due to "lack of will power" such as deceit or coercion. Psychotherapeutic and pastoral care "purposefully trying to influence one's sexual orientation" was also banned. The ban also applies to legal guardians "grossly violating their duty of care".^[67] On 7 May 2020, German parliament Bundestag banned nationwide conversion therapy for minors until 18 years and forbids advertising of conversion therapy. It also forbids conversion therapy for adults, if they are decided by force, fraud or pressure.^[68][69]

In compliance with the high court's directives, on September 2, 2022, the National Medical Commission officially prohibited medical professionals from practicing conversion therapy. The commission further empowered State Medical Councils to take disciplinary action against medical professionals found to be providing "conversion therapy."^[74][75]

In 2023, at the suggestion of Minister for Children, Equality, Disability, Integration and Youth Roderic O'Gorman, the Irish Government announced that they will introduce a new law to ban conversion therapy and its advertising.^[79]

In October 2014, the Ministry of Health issued a statement announcing that it considers conversion therapy to "create false impressions of scientific recognition even though there is no scientific evidence that it is at all successful. It may also cause harm to the individual."^[81]

In February 2016 and in March 2017, the Knesset rejected bills introduced by former Health Minister Yael German that would have banned conversion therapy in Israel for minors. The bills were rejected 37–45 and 26–38, respectively.^[82] These efforts were blocked by Orthodox Jewish parties.^[83]

In 2019, the Israel Medical Association decided to expel members who continue to practice conversion therapy.^[84][83] However, as of 2020 conversion therapy continues to be widely offered by religious organizations such as Atzat Nefesh under the euphemism "therapy for reversed inclinations".^[83]

In July 2020, a bill against conversion therapy passed the preliminary reading.^[85] It later didn't succeed in its first reading.^[80]

In late July 2021, Justice Minister Kris Faafoi announced a proposed law banning conversion therapy.^[99][100] The law was passed by parliament with 112 votes in favour and 8 against in February 2022.^[101] Youth MP and activist, Shaneel Lal has led the movement to end conversion therapy in New Zealand.^[102]

Practice by medical professionals banned: In 2019, the regulatory Ordem dos Psicólogos affirmed that conversion therapy has no basis in science and that its members cannot perform it.^[111] Criminal prohibition proposed and has passed first reading in Parliament.

In February 2015, owners of a conversion therapy camp were found guilty of murder, child abuse and assault with intent to do grievous bodily harm after three teens were found dead at the camp. The teens were beaten with spades and rubber pipes, chained to their beds, not allowed to use the toilet at any time and forced to eat soap and their own feces, all with the aim of "curing" their homosexuality.^[114]

The Spanish Psychological Association states that there is no evidence to support conversion therapy. "On the contrary, there is evidence that conversion therapy leads to anxiety, depression and suicide".^[121]

In April 2019, following an exposé of conversion therapy in Spain, the Spanish health minister Maria Luisa Carcedo said the Spanish government would consider legislating to stamp out the practice.^[122] In February 2023, conversion therapy was banned nationwide.^[123]

Reports emerged in summer 2018 of a therapist claiming to be able to "cure" homosexuality through homoeopathy. He was promptly fired, and an investigation was opened with the Geneva Ministry of Health.^[125] According to the Ministry, believing that homosexuality is an illness is sufficient enough to open an investigation. The Association des Médecins du Canton de Genève describes conversion therapy as a form of charlatanism.

In August 2022, the National Council's Legal Committee voted to call on the Federal Council to draft a law that would ban conversion therapy practices on minors and young adults.^[126]

In May 2023, the canton of Neuchâtel became the first to pass a law banning conversion therapy.^[127] Additionally the cantons of Bern, Basel-Stadt, Geneva and Vaud have debated banning conversion therapy in their Parliaments, with a bill to ban it in Vaud pending.^[128]

Instead of pushing ahead legal amendments or new regulations, on 22 February 2018, the Ministry of Health and Welfare issued a letter to all local health authorities on the matter, which effectively banned conversion 'therapy'.^[134] In the letter, the Ministry states that sexual orientation conversion is not regarded as a legitimate healthcare practice and that any individual performing the so-called therapy is liable to prosecution under the Criminal Code [zh] or the Protection of Children and Youths Welfare and Rights Act, depending on the circumstances.^[135]

In the self-governing British dependent territory the Isle of Man, an amendment to the Sexual Offences and Obscene Publications Bill that would ban and criminalize gay conversion therapy was put forward to the House of Keys in 2019.^[145]

On 11 May 2021 the government stated that conversion therapy was to become a banned practice throughout England and Wales. In December 2021 the government put forward a proposed ban for consultation, with the stated intention of preparing a draft bill for spring 2022.^[146]

In April 2022, days after announcing that the ban would not go ahead the government reversed that decision but said that it would not cover transgender people.^[147] In January 2023, the government changed its decision not to include transgender people. They would be covered by the ban.^[148] It is now alleged that the proposed conversion therapy ban is due to be cancelled by the government.^[149]

Banned in 22 states, 2 territories, and local counties/municipalities: As of March 2024^[update], 22 U.S. states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and some counties and municipalities in the United States have passed laws banning the practice of conversion therapy on minors.^{[150][151][152][153][154][155][156][157]} It is also banned in major cities like Miami and Cincinnati.

Subsequently, legal challenges against New Jersey's and California's conversion therapy bans were filed. U.S. District Court Judge Freda L. Wolfson rejected the claim of New Jersey parents that it violated their rights by keeping them from treating their child for same-sex attraction. In Doe v. Christie, Wolfson wrote: "Surely, the fundamental rights of parents do not include the right to choose a specific medical or mental health treatment that the state has reasonably deemed harmful or ineffective. ... To find otherwise would create unimaginable and unintentional consequences." On 10 February 2015, a New Jersey Superior Court judge ruled that offering conversion services on the basis of a description of homosexuality as abnormal or a mental illness is a violation of the New Jersey Consumer Fraud Act.^[158] The decision is "believed to be the first of its kind in the U.S."^[158] On 29 August 2013, in the case of Pickup v. Brown and Welch v. Brown, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit upheld California's ban.^[159] In August 2016, the Ninth Circuit again upheld the state's ban, finding that legislation prohibiting conversion therapy is not unconstitutional.^[160] The U.S. Supreme Court has repeatedly rejected challenges against conversion therapy bans.^[161]

The states of New Jersey (2013), California (2013), Oregon (2015), Illinois (2016), Vermont (2016), New Mexico (2017), Connecticut (2017), Rhode Island (2017), Nevada (2018), Washington (2018), Hawaii (2018), Delaware (2018), Maryland (2018), New Hampshire (2019), New York (2019), Massachusetts (2019),^[162] Maine (2019),^[163] Colorado (2019),^[164] Utah (2019), Virginia (2020), Minnesota (2023), and Michigan (2023), as well as the District of Columbia (2015) and Puerto Rico (2019) ban the use of conversion therapy on minors.^[165] Arizona, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin also prohibit use of state or federal funds for conversion therapy practices.

Opinion polls have found that conversion therapy bans enjoy popular support among the U.S. population. As of 2019^[update], no nationwide opinion poll has been carried out, though surveys in three states (Florida, New Mexico and Virginia) show support varying between 60% and 75%. According to a 2014 national poll, only 8% of the U.S. population believed conversion therapies to be successful.^[166]