List_of_countries_by_Nobel_laureates_per_capita

List of countries by Nobel laureates per capita

List of countries by Nobel laureates per capita

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This article lists sovereign countries, territories, and supranational unions by Nobel laureates per capita. The figures include all Nobel Prizes awarded to individuals up to and including 14 October 2019. Population figures are the current values, and the number of laureates is given per 10 million. Only sovereign countries are ranked; unranked entities are marked in italics.

All prizes

All five prizes (Chemistry, Literature, Peace, Physics, and Physiology or Medicine) and the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences are considered.

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By United Nations geoscheme

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Scientific prizes

Only the awards for Chemistry, Physics, Physiology or Medicine, and the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences are considered.

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Inclusion criteria

  • Prizes are also allocated to citizenship at birth countries stated on the winner's biography on the website of the Nobel Prize committee.[11]
  • Where the website mentions multiple countries in relation to a prize winner (country of birth; country of citizenship; country of residence at time of award) each of those countries is credited as having won the prize.
  • Where a prize has multiple winners, the country (or countries) of each winner are credited.
  • Prizes which were declined by the winner are included.
  • Prizes won by organisations are not allocated to countries.
  • Winners from Belarus and Ukraine are not credited to Russia. Winners born in what was then Poland but is now Ukraine are credited to Poland.

Corrections

This is a list of corrections made to the original figures provided by BBC News:

  • No award was attributed to Luxembourg, but, according to the Nobel Prize website, Gabriel Lippmann (Physics, 1908) was born in that country.[12]
  • No award was attributed to Azerbaijan, but, according to the Nobel Prize website, Lev Landau (Physics, 1962) was born in the area that is now held by that country (then part of the Russian Empire).[13] The justification for this correction is that BBC News did credit Latvia for Wilhelm Ostwald's 1909 Chemistry Prize, even though his birthplace—Latvia's capital Riga—was by the time he was born (1853) also part of the Russian Empire.[original research?]
  • Australia was credited with only one Nobel laureate in Physics, but up to and including 8 October 2010 there were three Physics laureates associated with that country: William Lawrence Bragg (1915) and Aleksandr Prokhorov (1964), were both born there according to the Nobel Prize website.[14][15] William Henry Bragg lived a significant portion of his life in Australia and while Australian citizenship did not exist until 1949 (after Bragg's death), he would have met the requirements to be an Australian citizen had it existed during the period during his lifetime.[16]
  • BBC News correctly acknowledges South Korea as having two Nobel laureates associated with that country, but due an error in its spreadsheet only one of them is assigned to a particular prize (Peace, 2000). The one that was not specified is Charles J. Pedersen (Chemistry, 1987), who was born in Busan, according to the Nobel Prize website.[17]


See also

References

  1. [1]
    "Which country has the best brains?". BBC News. 2010-10-10. Retrieved 2010-10-10.
  2. [2]
    "Total Population - Both Sexes". World Population Prospects, the 2017 Revision. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, Population Estimates and Projections Section. 21 June 2017. Retrieved 11 October 2018.
  3. [3]
    According to Hungarian citizen law there are more: Friedman, Wìesel, Fried, Gajdusek, Politzer, Ruzicka, Prelog
  4. [4]
    Includes every credit given separately to each of the 27 EU member states. It does not include the Peace Prize given to the EU in 2012.
  5. [5]
    A population estimate for 2018 was calculated using the average annual population growth in the Tibet Autonomous Region between the 2000 and 2010 censuses. 2000 census population: 2,616,329 (Source: National Bureau of Statistics of China). 2010 census population: 3,002,166 (Source: Xinhua News Agency). Formula used: 3002166+(2018-2010)*(3002166-2616329)/(2010-2000)=3310835.6.
  6. [6]
    In this case each Nobel laureate was only counted once. Source: "Nobel Prize Facts". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2019-10-11.
  7. [7]
    "Total Population - Both Sexes". World Population Prospects, the 2019 Revision. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, Population Estimates and Projections Section. 28 August 2019. Retrieved 11 October 2019.
  8. [8]
    plus Stigler, Furchgott, Osheroff, who are considered half-hungarian born citizens
  9. [9]
    According to Hungarian citizen law there are more: Friedman, Gajdusek, Politzer, Ruzicka, Prelog
  10. [10]
    Includes every credit given separately to any of the 27 EU member states.
  11. [11]
    "The official website of the Nobel Prize - NobelPrize.org". nobelprize.org. Archived from the original on Feb 16, 2024.
  12. [12]
    "Gabriel Lippmann – Biography". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on Jan 18, 2012. Retrieved 2011-10-11.
  13. [13]
    "Lev Landau – Biography". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on Nov 5, 2012. Retrieved 2012-06-19.
  14. [14]
    "Lawrence Bragg – Biography". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on Oct 20, 2012. Retrieved 2012-08-16.
  15. [15]
    "Aleksandr M. Prokhorov – Biography". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on Nov 5, 2012. Retrieved 2012-08-16.
  16. [16]
    Thwaites, Rayner (May 2017). "Report on Citizenship Law: Australia". European University Institute. hdl:1814/46449.
  17. [17]
    "Charles J. Pedersen – Facts — NobelPrize.org". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2019-10-14.

Further reading

  • Emeka Nwabunnia, Bishop Emeka Ebisi (2007), The Nobel prize (1901-2000): handbook of landmark records, University Press of America, ISBN 978-0-7618-3573-8
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