39.43°N 92.50°W / 39.43; -92.50

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Randolph County
County
The Historic Randolph County Courthouse in Huntsville
Location within the U.S. state of Missouri
Missouri's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 39°26′N 92°30′W
Country	United States
State	Missouri
Founded	January 22, 1829
Named for	John Randolph of Roanoke
Seat	Huntsville
Largest city	Moberly
Area
• Total	488 sq mi (1,260 km2)
• Land	483 sq mi (1,250 km2)
• Water	5.1 sq mi (13 km2)  1.1%
Population  (2020)
• Total	24,716
• Density	51/sq mi (20/km2)
Time zone	UTC−6 (Central)
• Summer (DST)	UTC−5 (CDT)
Congressional district	4th
Website	www.randolphcounty-mo.com

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Randolph County is a county in the northern portion of the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 census, the population was 24,716.^[1] Its county seat is Huntsville.^[2] The county was organized January 22, 1829, and named for U.S. Representative and U.S. Senator John Randolph of Roanoke, Virginia.^[3]

Randolph County comprises the Moberly, Missouri Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Columbia-Moberly-Mexico, Missouri Combined Statistical Area.

Randolph County was primarily settled by migrants from the Upper Southern states, especially Kentucky and Tennessee. They brought slaves and slaveholding traditions with them, and quickly started cultivating crops similar to those in Middle Tennessee and Kentucky: hemp and tobacco. Randolph was one of several counties settled mostly by Southerners to the north and south of the Missouri River. Given their culture and traditions, this area became known as Little Dixie, and Randolph County was at its heart.^[4]

Randolph County was home to Omar Bradley, the last of nine 5-star generals of the American military.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 488 square miles (1,260 km²), of which 483 square miles (1,250 km²) is land and 5.1 square miles (13 km²) (1.1%) is water.^[5]

As of the census^[11] of 2000, there were 24,663 people, 9,199 households, and 6,236 families residing in the county. The population density was 51 inhabitants per square mile (20/km²). There were 10,740 housing units at an average density of 22 units per square mile (8.5/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 90.58% White, 7.03% Black or African American, 0.48% Native American, 0.39% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.24% from other races, and 1.26% from two or more races. Approximately 1.14% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 24.1% were of German, 21.4% American, 10.9% English and 9.1% Irish ancestry.

There were 9,199 households, out of which 31.40% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.70% were married couples living together, 11.10% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.20% were non-families. 27.90% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.10% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.43 and the average family size was 2.94.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 23.80% under the age of 18, 9.60% from 18 to 24, 29.30% from 25 to 44, 22.40% from 45 to 64, and 14.80% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females there were 107.50 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 108.10 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $31,464, and the median income for a family was $39,268. Males had a median income of $26,878 versus $20,366 for females. The per capita income for the county was $15,010. About 9.20% of families and 12.50% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.10% of those under age 18 and 13.20% of those age 65 or over.

• National Register of Historic Places listings in Randolph County, Missouri