Henti

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Henti was a Hittite queen, the wife of King Suppiluliuma I.^[1] She assumed her role as Tawananna after the King's mother Daduhepa died. Henti bore five sons to Suppiluliuma: Arnuwanda II, Telipinu, Piyassili, Mursili II, and Zannanza.^[2] Two of her sons succeeded to the throne, Arnuwanda and Mursili II.

She is often called the 'disappearing Queen' as she vanished shortly before Suppiluliuma's diplomatically beneficial marriage to the Babylonian Princess Mal-Nikal (Malnigal), who succeeded her as Queen and Tawananna. A common theory for the reason of her disappearance is that Henti was banished in order for her husband to secure an alliance with Babylonia's King Burna-Buriash II.^[3]^[4]^[5]

This is not unlikely as Suppiluliuma is famed for having overthrown his brother Tudhaliya III (the Younger) for the throne.

In fiction, Queen Henti is also a character in the historical fiction manga Red River.

Himuili?^{[lower-alpha 1]}

Tudhaliya I/II^{[lower-alpha 2]}

Nikkalmati^{[lower-alpha 3]}

Arnuwanda I^{[lower-alpha 3]}

Asmunikal^{[lower-alpha 3]}

Hattusili II?^{[lower-alpha 4]}

Tudhaliya III^{[lower-alpha 5]}

Daduhepa^{[lower-alpha 6]}

Zida^{[lower-alpha 7]}

Tudhaliya the Young^{[lower-alpha 8]}

Henti^{[lower-alpha 7]} (1)

Šuppiluliuma I^{[lower-alpha 8]}

(2) Tawananna^{[lower-alpha 9]}

Arnuwanda II^{[lower-alpha 7]}

Telipinu^{[lower-alpha 10]}

Sarri-Kusuh^{[lower-alpha 11]}^{[lower-alpha 12]}

Zannanza^{[lower-alpha 13]}

Gassulawiya^{[lower-alpha 14]} (1)

Mursili II^{[lower-alpha 7]}

(2) Tanuhepa^{[lower-alpha 15]}

Talmi-Sarruma^{[lower-alpha 16]}

Sahurunuwa^{[lower-alpha 11]}^{[lower-alpha 17]}

Muwatalli II^{[lower-alpha 15]}

Halpasulupi^{[lower-alpha 18]}

Massanauzzi^{[lower-alpha 19]}

Hattusili III^{[lower-alpha 20]}

Puduhepa^{[lower-alpha 21]}

Ini-Tesub^{[lower-alpha 11]}^{[lower-alpha 22]}

Urhi-Tesub^{[lower-alpha 15]}

Kurunta^{[lower-alpha 23]}

Nerikkaili^{[lower-alpha 24]}

numerous daughters^{[lower-alpha 25]} and sons^{[lower-alpha 26]}

Tudhaliya IV^{[lower-alpha 27]}

Talmi-Tesub^{[lower-alpha 11]}^{[lower-alpha 28]}

Arnuwanda III^{[lower-alpha 29]}

Suppiluliuma II^{[lower-alpha 29]}^{[lower-alpha 30]}

Kuzi-Tesub^{[lower-alpha 31]}

(1) = 1st spouse
(2) = 2nd spouse
Small caps indicates a Great King (LUGAL.GAL) of the Land of Hatti; italic small caps indicates a Great Queen or Tawananna.
Dashed lines indicate adoption.
Solid lines indicate marriage (if horizontal) or parentage (if vertical).

References:

Trevor Bryce (1997). The Kingdom of the Hittites. Oxford, England: Clarendon Press.
Trevor Bryce (2012). The World of the Neo-Hittite Kingdoms. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.
Volkert Haas (2006). Die hethitische Literatur. Berlin, Germany: de Gruyter.

Notes:

Scholars have suggested that Tudhaliya I/II was the son of Himuili and thus a grandson of the Hittite king Huzziya II (Bryce 1997, p. 131).
Bryce (1997) does not consider it clear whether Tudhaliya I/II was one king or two (p. 133).
Bryce (1997), p. 139.
The existence of Hattusili II is doubtful (Bryce 1997, pp. 153–154).
Bryce (1997), p. 158.
Bryce (1997), p. 172.
Bryce (1997), p. 174.
Bryce (1997), p. 168.
Also known as Malnigal; daughter of Burnaburias II of Babylonia (Bryce 1997, p. 173).
‘Great priest’ in Kizzuwadna and king (lugal) of Aleppo (Bryce 1997, p. 174).
King (lugal) of Carchemish.
Bryce (1997), pp. 174, 203–204.
Zannanza died on his way to Egypt to marry a pharaoh's widow, probably Ankhesenpaaten, the widow of Tutankhamun (Bryce 1997, pp. 196–198).
Bryce (1997), p. 227.
Bryce (1997), p. 230.
Bryce (1997), p. 220.
Bryce (1997), p. 222.
Haas (2006), p. 91.
Massanauzzi married Masturi, king of the Seha River Land (Bryce 1997, p. 313).
Bryce (1997), p. 296.
Puduhepa was the daughter of the Kizzuwadnan priest Pentipsarri (Bryce 1997, p. 273).
Bryce (1997), pp. 346, 363.
King (lugal) of Tarhuntassa (Bryce 1997, p. 296); apparently later Great King of Hatti (Bryce 1997, p. 354).
Nerikkaili married a daughter of Bentesina, king of Amurru (Bryce 1997, p. 294).
Two daughters of Hattusili III were married to the pharaoh Ramesses II; one was given the Egyptian name Ma(hor)nefrure. Another, Gassuwaliya, married into the royal house of Amurru. Kilushepa was married to a king of Isuwa. A daughter married into the royal family of Babylon. A sister of Tudhaliya IV married Sausgamuwa, king of Amurru after his father Bentesina. From Bryce (1997), pp. 294 and 312.
Bryce (1997), p. 332.
Bryce (1997), p. 363. Tudhaliya IV probably married a Babylonian princess, known by her title of Great Princess (dumu.sal gal) (Bryce 1997, pp. 294, 331).
Bryce (1997), p. 363.
Bryce (1997), p. 361.
Last documented Great King of the Land of Hatti.
King and then Great King of Carchemish (Bryce 1997, pp. 384–385).

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[6] Scholars have suggested that Tudhaliya I/II was the son of Himuili and thus a grandson of the Hittite king Huzziya II (Bryce 1997, p. 131).

[7] Bryce (1997) does not consider it clear whether Tudhaliya I/II was one king or two (p. 133).

[bryce139-8] Bryce (1997), p. 139.

[9] The existence of Hattusili II is doubtful (Bryce 1997, pp. 153–154).

[10] Bryce (1997), p. 158.

[11] Bryce (1997), p. 172.

[bryce174-12] Bryce (1997), p. 174.

[bryce168-13] Bryce (1997), p. 168.

[14] Also known as Malnigal; daughter of Burnaburias II of Babylonia (Bryce 1997, p. 173).

[15] ‘Great priest’ in Kizzuwadna and king (lugal) of Aleppo (Bryce 1997, p. 174).

[carch-16] King (lugal) of Carchemish.

[17] Bryce (1997), pp. 174, 203–204.

[18] Zannanza died on his way to Egypt to marry a pharaoh's widow, probably Ankhesenpaaten, the widow of Tutankhamun (Bryce 1997, pp. 196–198).

[19] Bryce (1997), p. 227.

[bryce230-20] Bryce (1997), p. 230.

[21] Bryce (1997), p. 220.

[22] Bryce (1997), p. 222.

[23] Haas (2006), p. 91.

[24] Massanauzzi married Masturi, king of the Seha River Land (Bryce 1997, p. 313).

[bryce296-25] Bryce (1997), p. 296.

[26] Puduhepa was the daughter of the Kizzuwadnan priest Pentipsarri (Bryce 1997, p. 273).

[27] Bryce (1997), pp. 346, 363.

[28] King (lugal) of Tarhuntassa (Bryce 1997, p. 296); apparently later Great King of Hatti (Bryce 1997, p. 354).

[29] Nerikkaili married a daughter of Bentesina, king of Amurru (Bryce 1997, p. 294).

[30] Two daughters of Hattusili III were married to the pharaoh Ramesses II; one was given the Egyptian name Ma(hor)nefrure. Another, Gassuwaliya, married into the royal house of Amurru. Kilushepa was married to a king of Isuwa. A daughter married into the royal family of Babylon. A sister of Tudhaliya IV married Sausgamuwa, king of Amurru after his father Bentesina. From Bryce (1997), pp. 294 and 312.

[31] Bryce (1997), p. 332.

[32] Bryce (1997), p. 363. Tudhaliya IV probably married a Babylonian princess, known by her title of Great Princess (dumu.sal gal) (Bryce 1997, pp. 294, 331).

[bryce363-33] Bryce (1997), p. 363.

[bryce361-34] Bryce (1997), p. 361.

[35] Last documented Great King of the Land of Hatti.

[36] King and then Great King of Carchemish (Bryce 1997, pp. 384–385).

[1] [1]
Stavi, Boaz (December 2011). "The Genealogy of Suppiluliuma I". Altorientalische Forschungen. 38 (2): 226–239. doi:10.1524/aofo.2011.0015. ISSN 0232-8461. S2CID 163701676.

[2] [2]
Bryce, Trevor R. (December 1989). "Some Observations on the Chronology of Šuppiluliuma's Reign". Anatolian Studies. 39: 19–30. doi:10.2307/3642809. ISSN 2048-0849. JSTOR 3642809. S2CID 163090197.

[3] [3]
"Tawananna » Queen Henti". www.tawananna.com. Archived from the original on 2014-12-11. Retrieved 2016-05-15.

[4] [4]
Burney, Charles. Historical Dictionary of the Hittites. p. 258.

[5] [5]
van den Hout, Theo (2024-01-01). "The Hittites: Lost Civilizations". American Journal of Archaeology. 128 (1): E1–E2. doi:10.1086/728418. ISSN 0002-9114. S2CID 265082494.

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