1977_in_paleontology
1977 in paleontology
Overview of the events of 1977 in paleontology
Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils.[1] This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1977.
Ferns
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Synonymized taxa | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Anemia gunni[2] |
Sp nov |
Valid |
An anemiaceous fern |
||||||
Lygodium larsoni[2] |
Sp nov |
jr synonym |
A Lygodium species fern. |
||||||
Cyathea inequilateralis[2] |
Comb nov |
valid |
A Cyathea species tree fern. |
||||||
Dryopteris alaskana[2] |
Comb nov |
valid |
A Dryopteris species fern. |
||||||
Conifers
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Synonymized taxa | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sp nov |
Valid |
Hickey |
Golden Valley Formation |
||||||
Angiosperms
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Type locality | Location | Synonymized taxa | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alangium bergensis[2] |
Sp nov |
A dogwood relative. |
|||||||
Alangium oregonensis[2] |
Sp nov |
Bridge Creek Flora |
A dogwood relative. |
||||||
Allophylus duktothensis[2] |
Sp nov |
A soap berry relative. |
|||||||
Alnus martini[2] |
Sp nov |
Valid |
An alder species. |
||||||
Anamirta milleri[2] |
Sp nov |
A moon seed relative. |
|||||||
Calkinsia dilleri[2] |
Comb nov |
A moon seed relative. |
|||||||
Calkinsia plafkeri[2] |
Sp nov |
A moon seed relative. |
|||||||
Camelia oregona[2] |
Comb nov |
Fisher Formation |
A theaceous relative. |
||||||
Cinnamomophyllum bendirei[2] |
Comb nov |
Bridge Creek Flora |
A lauraceous relative. |
||||||
Cinnamomophyllum eocernua[2] |
Comb nov |
Fisher Formation |
A lauraceous relative. |
||||||
Cinnamomophyllum kushtakensis[2] |
Sp nov |
A lauraceous relative. |
|||||||
Cinnamomophyllum latum[2] |
Comb nov |
Ione Formation |
A lauraceous relative. |
||||||
Dicotylophyllum carbonensis[2] |
Sp nov |
A "dicot" of unknown affinity. |
|||||||
Dicotylophyllum kummerensis[2] |
Comb nov |
jr synonym |
(Wolfe) Wolfe |
Late Eocene |
Puget Group |
A dicot of uncertain affinity. |
|||
Doona? chaneyi[7] |
Comb nov |
valid |
(Potbury) Wolfe |
La Porte Tuff |
A Shorea (syn "Doona") species. |
||||
Dracontomelon sanbornae[2] |
Sp nov |
valid |
Fisher Formation |
An anacardiaceous species. |
|||||
Euodia alaskana[2] |
Sp nov |
Valid |
A Euodia species. |
||||||
Euptelea orientalis[2] |
Comb nov |
valid |
Fisher Formation |
A eupteleaceous species. |
|||||
Fagopsis groenlandica[2] |
Comb nov |
Jr synonym |
A fagaceous relative. |
||||||
Fagus oregona[2] |
Comb nov |
Jr synonym |
|||||||
Fortunearia weedi[2] |
Comb nov |
valid |
Yellowstone Formation |
A hamamelidaceous species. |
|||||
Goweria alaskana[2] |
Sp nov |
An icacinaceous species. |
|||||||
Heteromeles cuprovallis[2] |
Comb nov |
Copper Basin Flora |
|||||||
Ilex carbonensis[2] |
Sp nov |
A holly species. |
|||||||
Kandelia wangi[2] |
Sp nov |
A mangrove species. |
|||||||
Limacia stenophylla[2] |
Sp nov |
A moon seed relative. |
|||||||
Litseaphyllum[2] |
Gen et Sp et comb nov |
A lauraceous morphogenus. |
|||||||
Luvunga spatioea[2] |
Comb nov |
valid |
|||||||
Mastixia irregularis[2] |
Comb nov |
||||||||
Melanorrhoea alaskana[2] |
Comb nov |
Jr synonym |
An anacardioid relative. |
||||||
Meliosma duktothensis[2] |
Sp nov |
A sabiaceous species. |
|||||||
Miquelia californica[2] |
Sp nov |
Ione Formation |
An icacinaceous species. |
||||||
Sp nov |
Valid |
Hickey |
Golden Valley Formation |
||||||
Palaeophytocrene elytraeformis[2] |
Comb nov |
An icacinaceous species. |
|||||||
Parashorea cashmanensis[2] |
Comb nov |
(Wolfe) Wolfe |
Late Eocene |
Puget Group |
A Parashorea dipterocarpaceous species. |
||||
Paratinomiscium[2] |
Gen et comb nov |
A moon seed relative. |
|||||||
Sp nov |
Valid |
Hickey |
Golden Valley Formation |
An arrow arum species. |
|||||
Phytocrene acutissima[2] |
Sp nov |
An icacinaceous species. |
|||||||
Plafkeria[2] |
Nom et comb nov |
A tiliaceous genus. |
|||||||
Platanus comstocki[2] |
Comb nov |
valid |
Fisher Formation |
A plane tree species. |
|||||
Platanus macginitiei[2] |
Sp nov |
Fisher Formation |
A plane tree species. |
||||||
Platycarya pseudobrauni[2] |
Comb nov |
valid |
A Platycarya species. |
||||||
Gen et comb nov |
Hickey |
Golden Valley Formation |
|||||||
Prunus axelrodi[2] |
Comb et nom nov |
Copper Basin Flora |
A cherry/plum species. |
||||||
Rubus eolaciniata[10] |
Comb nov |
(MacGinitie) Tanai & Wolfe |
Early - early Middle Miocene |
Weaverville Formation |
A blackberry leaf morphospecies. |
||||
Pterocarya orientalis[2] |
Comb nov |
||||||||
Sageretia laurinea[2] |
Comb nov |
An icacinaceous species. |
|||||||
Salix carbonensis[2] |
Sp nov |
Valid |
A willow species. |
||||||
Salix coatsi[2] |
Comb nov |
Copper Basin Flora |
|||||||
Sorbus carbonensis[2] |
Sp nov |
Valid |
A mountain ash species. |
||||||
Sparganium parvum[6] |
Sp nov |
Hickey |
Golden Valley Formation |
A bur-reed |
|||||
Stemonurus alaskanus[2] |
Sp nov |
A stemonuraceous species. |
|||||||
Tetracentron piperoides[2] |
Comb nov |
Valid? |
Ione Formation |
A Tetracentron species. |
|||||
Tilia carbonensis[2] |
Sp nov |
A tiliaceous species. |
|||||||
Ulmus chaneyi[10] |
Sp nov |
valid |
Tanai & Wolfe |
John Day Formation |
An Elm leaf morphospecies. |
||||
Ulmus knowltoni[10] |
Sp nov |
valid |
Tanai & Wolfe |
"Collawash Flora" |
An Elm leaf morphospecies. |
||||
Zelkova browni[10] |
Sp nov |
valid |
Tanai & Wolfe |
"Collawash Flora" |
An Elm leaf morphospecies. |
||||
Zizyphus alaskanus[2] |
Sp nov |
A buckthorn relative. |
|||||||
Mollusks
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Type locality | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
sp nov |
jr synonym |
Krasilova |
Tyuser Formation |
An early bivalve species. |
||||
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Type locality | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nom et comb nov |
valid |
|||||||
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Type locality | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sp nov |
Valid |
Wilson |
Eocene |
Okanagan Highlands |
An Amyzon species catostomid |
|||
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Wilson |
Eocene |
Okanagan Highlands |
A basal salmonid relative. |
|||
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Wilson |
Eocene |
A libotoniid sand roller relative. |
||||
Sp nov |
Valid |
Wilson |
Eocene |
Okanagan Highlands |
A Priscacara species temperate bass. |
Non-avian dinosaurs
Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.[14]
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Type locality | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen et sp nov |
Carroll & Galton |
Possible synonym of Lufengosaurus. |
||||||
Gen et sp Nov |
Valid |
|||||||
Gen et comb nov |
jr synonym |
JR synonym of Nanosaurus agilis. |
||||||
Gen et comb nov |
Valid |
Taquet & Welles |
A Megalosaur. |
|||||
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
|||||||
Gen et sp nov |
Jr synonym |
A theropod. |
||||||
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
|||||||
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Dong et al |
Late jurassic |
A Chinese Stegosaur. |
||||
Gen et comb nov |
Valid |
A Dryosaur. |
||||||
Valid taxon |
Hou |
A Primitive Pachycephalosaur |
||||||
not formally described |
|
A Non-dinosaurian marine reptile. |
||||||
Birds
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Argillipes [24] |
Gen et sp nov. |
Valid |
Harrison & Walker |
Described as a phasianid. |
||||
Buthierax [26] |
Gen et sp nov. |
Valid |
An Incertae Sedis Accipitridae |
|||||
Cepphus storeri [27] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Harrison |
An Alcidae guillemot. |
||||
Ciconia sarmatica [28] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Grigorescu & Kessler |
A Ciconiidae. |
||||
Cinclodes major [29] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Tonni |
Middle Pleistocene |
A Furnariidae. |
|||
Coturnipes [24] |
Gen et sp nov. |
Valid |
Harrison & Walker |
Described as a phasianid |
||||
Gallus beremendensis [30] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jánossy |
A Phasianidae. |
||||
Subfam, gen et sp nov. |
Valid |
A Limnofregatinae frigatebird. The type species L. azygosternon |
||||||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
An Anatidae. |
||||||
Marinavis [24] |
Fam, gen et sp nov. |
Valid |
Harrison & Walker |
Described as a marinavid procelariiforme |
||||
Microena [24] |
Gen et sp nov. |
Valid |
Harrison & Walker |
Described in the Columbidae |
||||
Gen et sp. nov. |
Valid |
Harrison & Walker |
A possible Procellariidae |
|||||
Oxyura zapatanima [33] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Alvarez |
Jocotopec sand and gravel Quarry |
An Anatidae. |
|||
Parvicuculus [24] |
Gen et sp nov. |
Valid |
Harrison & Walker |
A Parvicuculidae |
||||
Parvigyps [24] |
Gen et sp nov. |
Valid |
Harrison & Walker |
Described as a Accipitridae |
||||
Percolinus [24] |
Gen et sp nov. |
jr synonym |
Harrison & Walker |
Described as a Phasianidae |
||||
Phalacrocorax chapalensis [33] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Alvarez |
Jocotopec sand and gravel quarry |
||||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
An Alcidae. |
||||||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Harrison & Walker |
A glareolid |
|||||
Primodroma [24] |
Gen et sp nov. |
Valid |
Harrison & Walker |
A Hydrobatidae |
||||
Primoscens [24] |
Fam, gen et sp nov. |
Valid |
Harrison & Walker |
A "Primoscenidae" passeriform, |
||||
Procuculus [24] |
Gen et sp nov. |
Valid |
Harrison & Walker |
A Parvicuculidae[36] |
||||
Quipollornis [37] |
Gen et sp nov. |
Valid |
Vickers Rich & McEvey |
Early to Middle Miocene |
Chalk Mountain Diatomite |
An Aegothelidae |
||
Rallus richmondi [38] |
Nom. nov. |
Valid |
A rail |
|||||
Sarmatosula [28] |
Gen et sp nov. |
Valid |
Grigorescu & Kessler |
A Sulidae |
||||
Gen et sp nov. |
Valid |
Yeh |
Shanwang Series |
A Phasianidae |
||||
Gen et sp nov. |
Valid |
Cave deposits |
A Threskiornithidae |
|||||
Pterodactyls
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Type locality | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
A pterodactyloid of uncertain affinities. |
||||||
- Trexler found hadrosaur remains west of Choteau, Montana in strata of the Two Medicine Formation.[41]
Literature
- The Year of the Dinosaur Edwin H. Colbert and illustrated by his wife, Margaret was published. This story describes a year in the life of a "brontosaur" and was an attempt to educate the reader about prehistory through a fictional portrayal of it.[42]
- Gini-Newman, Garfield; Graham, Elizabeth (2001). Echoes from the past: world history to the 16th century. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. ISBN 9780070887398. OCLC 46769716.
- Wolfe, J.A. (1977). Paleogene floras from the Gulf of Alaska region (Report). Professional Paper. Vol. 997. United States Geological Survey. pp. 1–108. doi:10.3133/pp997.
- LaMotte, R.S. (1952). Catalogue of the Cenozoic plants of North America through 1950. Geological Society of America Memoirs. Vol. 51. Geological Society of America. doi:10.1130/MEM51.
- Hollick, A.; Smith, P. (1936). The Tertiary floras of Alaska, with a chapter on the geology of the Tertiary deposits (Report). Professional Paper. United States Geological Survey. pp. 1–185. doi:10.3133/pp182. 182.
- Hickey, Leo (1977). Stratigraphy and Paleobotany of the Golden Valley Formation (Early Tertiary) of Western North Dakota. Boulder, Colorado: Geological Society of America. pp. 110 & Plate 5. ISBN 0-8137-1150-9.
- Wolfe, J.A. (1968). Paleogene Biostratigraphy of nonmarine rocks in King County, Washington (Report). Professional Paper. Vol. 571. United States Geological Survey. pp. 1–29. doi:10.3133/pp571.
- Wolfe, J.A.; Wehr, W.C. (1987). Middle Eocene dicotyledonous plants from Republic, northeastern Washington (Report). Bulletin. Vol. 1597. United States Geological Survey. pp. 1–25. doi:10.3133/b1597.
- Potbury, S.S. (1935). "The La Porte flora of Plumas County, California". Carnegie Institution of Washington Publication. 63 (5): 29–82.
- Tanai, T.; Wolfe, J.A. (1977). Revisions of Ulmus and Zelkova in the middle and late Tertiary of western North America (Report). Professional Paper. Vol. 1026. United States Geological Survey. pp. 1–14. doi:10.3133/pp1026.
- Elicki, O.; Gürsu, S. (2009). "First record of Pojetaia runnegari Jell, 1980 and Fordilla Barrande, 1881 from the Middle East (Taurus Mountains, Turkey) and critical review of Cambrian bivalves" (PDF). Paläontologische Zeitschrift. 83 (2): 267–291. doi:10.1007/s12542-009-0021-9. S2CID 49380913. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-10-29. Retrieved 2012-01-06.
- Wilson, M. V. (1977). "Middle Eocene freshwater fishes from British Columbia". Life Sciences Contributions, Royal Ontario Museum. 113: 1–66.
- Olshevsky, George. "Dinogeorge's Dinosaur Genera List". Archived from the original on 2011-07-15. Retrieved 2008-08-07.
- Carroll, Robert L.; Galton, Peter M. (March 1977). "'Modern' lizard from the Upper Triassic of China". Nature. 266 (5599): 252–255. doi:10.1038/266252a0. S2CID 4195742.
- Borsuk-Bialynicka, Magdalena (1977). "A new camarasaurid sauropod Opisthocoelicaudia skarzynskii, gen. n. sp. n. from the Upper Cretaceous of Mongolia" (PDF). Palaeontol. Polonica. 37: 5–64.
- Galton, Peter M. (July 1977). "The ornithopod dinosaur Dryosaurus and a Laurasia–Gondwanaland connection in the Upper Jurassic". Nature. 268 (5617): 230–232. doi:10.1038/268230a0. S2CID 30721851.
- Taquet, P.; Welles, S. (1977). "Redescription du crane de Dinosaure theropode de Dives (Normandie)". Annales de Paléontologie (in French). 63 (2): 191–206.
- Maryańska, Teresa (1977). "Ankylosauridae (Dinosauria) from Mongolia" (PDF). Paleontol. Polinica. 37: 85–151.
- Dong, Z (1977). "On the dinosaurian remains from Turpan, Xinjiang". Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 15: 59–66.
- Dong, Z.; Li, X.; Zhou, S.; Chang, Y. (1977). "On the stegosaurian remain from Zigong (Tzekung), Szechuan Province". Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 15: 307–312.
- Olshevsky, G. (1991). "A Revision of the Parainfraclass Archosauria Cope, 1869, Excluding the Advanced Crocodylia". Mesozoic Meanderings 2 (1st ed.)..
- Hou, L. (1977). "A new primitive pachycephalosauria from Anhui, China". Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 15: 198–202.
- Harrison, Colin J. O.; Walker, Cyril A. (1977). "Birds of the British Lower Eocene". Tertiary Research Special Papers. 3: 1–52.
- Mlíkovský, Jíří (2002). "Cenozoic Birds of the World Part 1: Europe" (PDF). Praha Ninox Press: 1–407. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-05-20. Retrieved 2014-09-13.
- Miklós Kretzoi (1977). "The Fauna of Small Vertebrates of the Middle Pleistocene at Petralona" (PDF). Anthropos (Athina). 4 (1–2): 131–143. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2014-09-13.
- Harrison, Colin J. O. (1977). "A New Guillemot, Cepphus Species, from the Lower Pleistocene". Suffolk Natural History. 17: 238–239.
- Grigorescu, Dan; Kessler, Jenö (1977). "The Middle Sarmatian Avian Fauna of South Dobrogea". Revue Roumaine de Géologie, Géophysique et Géographie, Série Géologie. 21: 93–108.
- Tonni, Eduardo P. (1977). "Un Furnárido (Aves: Passeriformes) del Pleistoceno Medio de la Provincia de Buenos Aires". Publicaciones del Museo Municipal de Ciencias Naturales de Mar del Plata Lorenzo Scaglia. 2 (6): 141–147.
- Jánossy, Dénes (1977). "Plio-Pleistocene Bird Remains from the Carpathian Basin. II. Galliformes. 2. Phasianidae" (PDF). Aquila. 83: 29–42.
- Olson, Storrs L. (1977). "A Lower Eocene Frigatebird from the Green River Formation of Wyoming" (PDF). Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology. 35: 1–33. doi:10.5479/si.00810266.35.1.
- Olson, Storrs L. (1977). "Notes on Subfossil Anatidae from New Zealand, Including A New Species of Pink-Eared Duck Malacorhynchus". Emu. 77 (3): 132–135. doi:10.1071/mu9770132.
- Alvarez, Rafael (1977). "A Pleistocene Avifauna from Jalisco, Mexico" (PDF). Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology University of Michigan. 24 (19): 205–220.
- Olson, Storrs L. (1977). "A Great Auk, Pinguinis [sic], from the Pliocene of Nebraska (Aves: Alcidae)" (PDF). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 90 (3): 690–697.
- Mayr, Gerald (2008). "Phylogenetic Affinities of the Enigmatic Avian Taxon Zygodactylus Based on New Material from the Early Oligocene of France". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 6 (3): 333–344. doi:10.1017/s1477201907002398. S2CID 84422594.
- Harrison, Colin J. O. (1982). "Cuculiform, Piciform, and Passeriform Birds in the Lower Eocene of England". Tertiary Research. 4: 71–81.
- Vickers Rich, Patricia; McEvey, Allan R. (1977). "A New Owlet-Nightjar from the Early to Mid-Miocene of Eastern New South Wales" (PDF). Memoirs of the National Museum of Victoria. 38: 247–253. doi:10.24199/j.mmv.1977.38.04. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-09-12. Retrieved 2014-09-12.
- Olson, Storrs L. (1977). "A Synopsis of the Fossil Rallidae". In Ripley S. D. (ed.). Rails of the World: A Monograph of the Family Rallidae (PDF). Boston: Codline. pp. 509–525.
- Yeh, Xiangkui (1977). "First Discovery of Miocene Birds in China" (PDF). Vertebrata PalAsiatica (in Chinese). 15 (4): 244–248.
- Olson, Storrs L.; Steadman, David W. (1977). "A New Genus of Flightless Ibis (Threskiornithidae) and Other fossil Birds from Cave Deposits in Jamaica" (PDF). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 90 (2): 447–457.
- Trexler, D. (2001). "Two Medicine Formation, Montana: geology and fauna". In Tanke, D. H.; Carpenter, K. (eds.). Mesozoic Vertebrate Life. Indiana University Press. pp. 298–309.
- Sarjeant, W. A. S. (2001). "Dinosaurs in fiction". In Tanke, D. H.; Carpenter, K. (eds.). Mesozoic Vertebrate Life. Indiana University Press. pp. 504–529.