Wikipedia:IPA_for_Burmese

Help:IPA/Burmese

The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents the Burmese language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.

This is the pronunciation key for IPA transcriptions of Burmese on Wikipedia.

It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Burmese in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them. Integrity must be maintained between the key and the transcriptions that link here; do not change any symbol or value without establishing consensus on the talk page first.

For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. For the distinction between [ ], / / and ⟨ ⟩, see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters.

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This page contains Burmese script. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Burmese script.

See Burmese phonology for a more thorough discussion of the sounds of Burmese.

More information Consonants, IPA ...

Consonants
IPA	Burmese example	English approximation
b	ဘဲ [bɛ́]	bat
d	ဓာတ် [daʔ]	dye
dʑ	ဂျင် [dʑɪ̀ɰ̃]	jump
ð^{[lower-alpha 1]}	အညာသား [ʔəɲàðá]	this
ɡ	ဂုဏ် [ɡòʊɰ̃]	gate
h	ဟုတ် [hoʊʔ]	hone
j	ယား [já]	yield
k^{[lower-alpha 2]}	ကုန် [kòʊɰ̃]	scan
kʰ^{[lower-alpha 3]}	ခုန် [kʰòʊɰ̃]	can
l	လုပ် [loʊʔ]	lay
l̥	လှုပ် [l̥oʊʔ]	play; like a clear /l/ but voiceless
m	မတ် [maʔ]	much
m̥	မှတ် [m̥aʔ]	wormhole
n	နမ်း [náɰ̃]	not
n̥	နှမ်း [n̥áɰ̃]	unhappy
ɲ	ညစ် [ɲɪʔ]	canyon
ɲ̥	ညှစ် [ɲ̥ɪʔ]	None; like /ɲ/, but voiceless
ŋ	ငါး [ŋá]	sing
ŋ̊	ငှါး [ŋ̊á]	Shanghai
p^{[lower-alpha 2]}	ပဲ [pɛ́]	spat
pʰ^{[lower-alpha 3]}	ဖဲ [pʰɛ́]	pat
ɹ^{[lower-alpha 4]}	တိရစ္ဆာန် [təɹeɪʔsʰàɰ̃]	rock
s	စာ [sà]	gas
sʰ^{[lower-alpha 3]}	ဆာ [sʰà]	monkshood
ʃ	ရှာ [ʃà]	shoe
t^{[lower-alpha 2]}	တတ် [taʔ]	stop
tʰ^{[lower-alpha 3]}	ထပ် [tʰaʔ]	top
tɕ^{[lower-alpha 2]}	ကြဉ် [tɕɪ̀ɰ̃]	itch
tɕʰ^{[lower-alpha 3]}	ချင် [tɕʰɪ̀ɰ̃]	chew
θ^{[lower-alpha 5]}	သတ် [θaʔ]	thin
w	ဝါး [wá]	wield
ʍ	လက်ဝှေ့ [lɛʔʍḛ]	what in some conservative dialects; voiceless /w/
ɰ̃^{[lower-alpha 6]}	ခံ [kʰàɰ̃]	(see footnote)
z	ဇာ [zà]	zoo
ʔ	အုတ် [ʔoʊʔ]	uh-oh, Cockney bottle

Vowels
IPA	Burmese example	English approximation
a	နား [ná]	father
aɪ	နိုင် [nàɪɰ̃]	might
aʊ^{[lower-alpha 7]}	နောက် [naʊʔ]	mouth
e	နေ [nè]	Scottish English mate
eɪ^{[lower-alpha 7]}	နိပ် [neɪʔ]	may
ɛ	နယ် [nɛ̀]	met
ə^{[lower-alpha 8]}	ခလုတ် [kʰəloʊʔ]	comma
i	နီး [ní]	meet
ɪ^{[lower-alpha 7]}	နင်း [nɪ́ɰ̃]	mit
o	နို့ [no̰]	Scottish English note
oʊ^{[lower-alpha 7]}	နုန်း [nóʊɰ̃]	mow
ɔ	နော် [nɔ̀]	or
u	နှူး [n̥ú]	moot
ʊ^{[lower-alpha 7]}	နွမ်း [nʊ́ɰ̃]	cook

Tones
IPA	Burmese examples	Explanation
`	ငါ [ŋà]	Normal phonation, medium duration, low intensity, low (often slightly rising) pitch
´	ငါး [ŋá]	Sometimes slightly breathy, relatively long, high intensity, high pitch; often with a fall before a pause
˷	ငါ့ [ŋa̰]	Tense or creaky phonation (sometimes with lax glottal stop), medium duration, high intensity, high (often slightly falling) pitch

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This article uses material from the Wikipedia article Wikipedia:IPA_for_Burmese, and is written by contributors. Text is available under a CC BY-SA 4.0 International License; additional terms may apply. Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.

[1] Varies between [ð~ɾ̪͡ð~ɾ̪].

[unasp-2] Unaspirated, like /p t k/ etc. in Romance or Slavic languages.

[asp-3] Heavily aspirated.

[4] A marginal consonant in Burmese, /ɹ/ occurs only in foreign words, and even there is often replaced by /j/ or /l/.

[5] Varies between [θ~ɾ̪̥͡θ~ɾ̪̥ʰ].

[6] The vowel before the /ɰ̃/ is always nasalized, and if a consonant follows /ɰ̃/, then the /ɰ̃/ becomes homorganic with the following consonant.

[allophone-7] The sounds [aʊ], [eɪ], [ɪ], [oʊ], and [ʊ]^{[citation needed]} are allophones of /ɔ/, /e/, /i/, /o/, and /u/^{[citation needed]} respectively, occurring in closed syllables, i.e. before /ɰ̃/ and /ʔ/.

[minor-8] Only occurs in minor syllables, i.e. open non-final syllables without tone.

[lower-alpha 1]

[lower-alpha 2]

[lower-alpha 3]

[lower-alpha 4]

[lower-alpha 5]

[lower-alpha 6]

[lower-alpha 7]

[lower-alpha 8]

Wikipedia:IPA_for_Burmese

Help:IPA/Burmese

Notes

See also

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