Climate change is making oceans more acidic globally. Now, scientists are finding that large storms can send pulses of acidic water into bays and estuaries, further stressing fish and shellfish.

"We were surprised at how significant a role dust accumulation played in switching coral reefs from a CO2 source to a CO2 sink."

Considered too deep for most reef biologists, and too shallow for deep-sea researchers, most deep reefs are unprotected.

Rats are disrupting the flow of nutrients towards the sea on many tropical islands – this has consequences for fish behaviour and the wider ecosystem.

Coral bleaching can make it harder for fish to recognize their competitors and avoid fights. That can use up a lot of precious energy.

Disease-resistant corals may be able to "rescue" corals that are more vulnerable to stress and disease, researchers say.