Scientists find a protein common to flies and people is essential for supporting the structure of axons that neurons project to make circuit connections.

When fruit flies see other dead fruit flies, their life spans are cut short. Other species also undergo analogous physiological changes when seeing their dead.

The molecule responsible for suppressing pain from heat in adult flies has the opposite role in fly larvae, research finds.

Pinpointing where memories are stored in the brain and how they are transmitted could provide new targets to treat neurological diseases and serve as models for neuromorphic computing.

Learning new rules requires the suppression of old ones. A better understanding of the brain circuits involved in behavioral adaptation could lead to new ways to treat schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.

Scientists have completed the first ever map of an insect brain. "Everything has been working up to this," says Joshua T. Vogelstein.

Making sure RNA molecules are in the right place at the right time in a cell is critical to development and normal function. Researchers are figuring out exactly how they get to where they need to go.

By learning what parts of the brain are crucial for imagination to work, neuroscientists can look back over hundreds of millions of years of evolution to figure out when it first emerged.

Researchers have taken a step toward understanding how human thoughts and dreams emerge from electrical pulses in the brain's trillions of synapses.