This image is in the
public domain
because it is a mere mechanical scan or photocopy of a public domain original, or – from the available evidence – is so similar to such a scan or photocopy that no copyright protection can be expected to arise. The original itself is in the public domain for the following reason:
Public domain
Public domain
false
false
The
country of origin
of this photograph is Italy. It is in the
public domain
there because its copyright term has expired. According to
Law for the Protection of Copyright and Neighbouring Rights n.633, 22 April 1941
and later revisions,
images of people or of aspects, elements and facts of natural or social life, obtained with photographic process or with an analogue one, including reproductions of figurative art and
film frames
of
film stocks
(Art. 87)
are protected for a period of 20 years from creation
(Art. 92).
This provision shall not apply to photographs of writings, documents, business papers, material objects, technical drawings and similar products
(Art. 87). Italian law makes an important distinction between "works of photographic art" and "simple photographs" (Art. 2, § 7). Photographs that are "intellectual work with creative characteristics" are protected for 70 years after the author's death (Art. 32 bis), whereas simple photographs are protected for a period of 20 years from creation.
This may not apply in countries that don't apply the
rule of the shorter term
to works from Italy. In particular, these are in the public domain in the United States only if:
This tag is designed for use where there may be a need to assert that any enhancements (eg brightness, contrast, colour-matching, sharpening) are in themselves insufficiently creative to generate a new copyright. It can be used where it is unknown whether any enhancements have been made, as well as when the enhancements are clear but insufficient. For known raw unenhanced scans you can use an appropriate
{{PD-old}}
tag instead. For usage, see
Commons:When to use the PD-scan tag
.
This work may
not
be in the
public domain
in the United States
because its U.S. copyright was restored by the
URAA
as it was still copyrighted in its source country on the URAA date (January 1, 1996 in most cases but see
Wikipedia:Non-U.S. copyrights
for details). In most cases, it is
copyrighted in the U.S.
until
95 years
after the year in which it was initially published (exceptions are works published after 1977; see
Commons:Hirtle chart
).
This template may not be used for files uploaded after 1 March 2012.