Monroecirca1953.jpg
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Summary
| Author | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Description |
English:
Photo of actress in a late 1953 issue of
Modern Screen
.
فارسی:
تصویری از بازیگر در شمارهٔ اواخر ۱۹۵۳ از
مدرن اسکرین
.
جستجویی مشخص کرد که این تصویر برای فیلم رود بیبازگشت (۱۹۵۴) گرفته شده بود. |
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| Depicted people |
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| Date | November 1953 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Notes |
English:
This is a smaller, better quality copy of the photo seen on Modern Screen
|
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| Source | Page 39 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Permission
( Reusing this file ) |
English:
*A renewal search was done at copyright.gov using the title Modern Screen. There were no listings for the publication; there's no evidence of continued copyright on the magazine.
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| Other versions |
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Modern Screen
|
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|---|---|---|
| Title |
Modern screen
|
|
| Object type |
magazine
|
|
| Genre |
fan magazine
|
|
| Language |
English
|
|
| Publication date | November 1953 | |
| Place of publication |
New York City
|
|
| Place of creation |
United States
|
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| Authority file | ||
Licensing
|
This work is in the
public domain
because it was published in the United States between 1930 and 1963, and although there may or may not have been a copyright notice, the
copyright was not renewed
. For further explanation, see
Commons:Hirtle chart
and
the copyright renewal logs
.
|
|
Copyright details
Additional source information:
English
:
This is a
publicity still
taken and publicly distributed to promote a film actor.
-
As stated by film production expert Eve Light Honthaner in
The Complete Film Production Handbook
(Focal Press, 2001, p. 211.):
"Publicity photos (star headshots) have traditionally not been copyrighted. Since they are disseminated to the public, they are generally considered public domain, and therefore clearance by the studio that produced them is not necessary." -
Nancy Wolff, in
The Professional Photographer's Legal Handbook
(Allworth Communications, 2007, p. 55.), notes:
"There is a vast body of photographs, including but not limited to publicity stills, that have no notice as to who may have created them." -
Film industry author Gerald Mast, in
Film Study and the Copyright Law
(1989, p. 87), writes:
"According to the old copyright act, such production stills were not automatically copyrighted as part of the film and required separate copyrights as photographic stills. The new copyright act similarly excludes the production still from automatic copyright but gives the film's copyright owner a five-year period in which to copyright the stills. Most studios have never bothered to copyright these stills because they were happy to see them pass into the public domain, to be used by as many people in as many publications as possible." -
Kristin Thompson, committee chairperson of the Society for
Cinema and Media Studies
writes in the conclusion of a 1993 conference of cinema scholars and editors
[1]
, that:
"[The conference] expressed the opinion that it is not necessary for authors to request permission to reproduce frame enlargements... [and] some trade presses that publish educational and scholarly film books also take the position that permission is not necessary for reproducing frame enlargements and publicity photographs."