English: The Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution corresponding to the solar atmosphere. Particle masses are one proton mass, ${\displaystyle m=1{\text{ amu}}=1.67\times 10^{-24}{\text{ g }}}$ , and the temperature is the effective temperature of the sun's photosphere, ${\displaystyle T=5800{\text{ K }}}$ . ${\displaystyle {\tilde {V}},{\bar {V}},{\text{ and }}V_{\text{rms}}}$ mark the most probable, mean, and root mean square velocities, respectively. Their values are ${\displaystyle {\tilde {V}}\approx 9.79{\text{ km/s, }}}$ ${\displaystyle {\bar {V}}\approx 11.05{\text{ km/s, }}}$ and ${\displaystyle V_{\text{rms}}\approx 12.00{\text{ km/s }}}$ .