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4.11
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rod noun [ rɒd ]

• a thin straight bar, especially of wood or metal.
• "concrete walls reinforced with steel rods"
Similar: bar, stick, pole, baton, staff, shaft, strut, rail, spoke, cane, birch, switch, knout,
• a fishing rod.
• "he hooked an enormous fish which almost pulled the rod from out of his hands"
• another term for perch3 (sense 1 of the noun).
• a pistol or revolver.
• a light-sensitive cell of one of the two types present in large numbers in the retina of the eye, responsible mainly for monochrome vision in poor light.
Origin: late Old English rodd ‘slender shoot growing on or cut from a tree’, also ‘straight stick or bundle of twigs used to inflict punishment’; probably related to Old Norse rudda ‘club’.

make a rod for one's own back

• do something likely to cause difficulties for oneself later.

rule with a rod of iron

• control or govern very strictly or harshly.
"she ruled their lives with a rod of iron"

spare the rod and spoil the child

• if children are not physically punished when they do wrong their personal development will suffer.



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